These features can be applied to almost any fracture:
WHERE
- The bone involved and where on the bone.
- Use general terms such as proximal/distal, diaphysis (shaft) or metaphysis or terms specific to a bone eg. neck, tuberosity.
INTRA/EXTRA Articular
- does the fracture line enter the joint?
TYPE
- basically transverse, oblique, spiral, comminuted.
OPEN
- is there a laceration associated with the fracture.
- see Open fractures
DISPLACEMENT
- what is the alignment of the fracture fragments?
Undisplaced – a “hairline” crack in the bone with no change in alignment or relationship of the bone on either side of the fracture.
Displaceda) angulated – describe by APEX, by VARUS/VALGUS or by DISTAL FRAGMENT
b) translated described by millimeters or by % of bone width and direction.
c) rotated – often by clinical
d) shortened – due to overlap or IMPACTION.
Attachments:
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