Periosteal osteosarcoma

Age

Age distribution is similar to conventional osteosarcoma

Gender

M:F = 2:1

Location

Most commonly located in proximal metaphyseal and diaphyseal regions of proximal one third of femur or proximal tibia or distal femur

Radiological Appearance

Juxtacortical soft tissue mass with internal spiculated areas of bone extending perpendicular to cortex

Tumor effect on bone

• Cortex may have a "scooped out" appearance
• May be areas of stippled calcification characteristic of cartilage-producing tumors
• Tumor radiographically dense at base, adjacent to cortex with peripheral immature ossification extending into soft tissue mass

Bone response to tumor

• May be evidence of cortical thickening; cortical destruction may occur
• Abundant periosteal reaction with Codman’s triangles common

Differential diagnosis

• High-grade surface osteosarcoma
• Parosteal chondrosarcoma
• Myositis ossifications

Treatment

• Requires wide excision
• Generally a low-grade malignant lesion, but depending on grade of cytological changes, chemotherapy may be recommended for high-grade lesions