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CONDITIONS
Tumor Chart – Summary table of the seven questions to ask, differential diagnosis and important information about each tumor.
Musculoskeletal tumors – The five presenting complaints
- Soft tissue mass
- Painless bony mass
- Bone tumor as an incidental finding
- Painful bone lesion
- Pathologic fracture
Radiographic analysis of bone tumors – Seven questions to ask
- Where is the lesion?
- How large is the lesion?
- What is the lesion doing to the bone?
- What is the bone doing in response?
- What kind of matrix is being made?
- Is the cortex eroded?
- Is a soft tissue mass evident?
Biological potential of bone lesions
- Benign latent bone lesions
- Benign active bone lesions
- Benign aggressive bone lesions
- Malignant bone lesions
Differential diagnosis of bone lesions
- Polyostotic conditions
- Juxta-articular bone lesions
- Epiphyseal bone lesions
- Epiphyseal-metaphyseal bone lesions
- Metaphyseal and metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone lesions
- Diaphyseal bone lesions
- Parosteal bone lesions
- Anterior bone spine
- Posterior bone spine
- Sacrum bone lesions
- Who should undergo biopsy of a bone lesion?
- Who should do the biopsy of a bone lesion?
- Bone biopsy surgical technique
- Needle versus open biopsy for bone lesion
- Staging of bone tumors
Benign primary bone lesions
- Osteoid osteoma
- Osteoblastoma
- Osteoma
- Osteochondroma
- Multiple hereditary exostoses (familial osteochondromatosis)
- Enchondroma
- Chondromyxoid fibroma
- Chondroblastoma
- Periosteal chondroma (juxtacortical chondroma)
- Synovial chondromatosis
- Fibrous cortical defect
- Nonossifying fibroma
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Ossifying fibroma (osteofibrous dysplasia)
- Giant cell tumor
- Aneurysmal bone cyst
- Unicameral bone cyst
- Eosinophilic granuloma
- Hemangioma of bone
Malignant primary bone lesions
- Chondrosarcoma (central)
- Fibrosarcoma
- Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)
- Myeloma
- Lymphoma of bone
- Leukemia
- Ewing sarcoma
- Adamantinoma
- Chordoma
Disease states mimicking primary bone tumors
- Stress fracture
- Enostosis (bone island)
- Bone infarct
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Paget’s disease of bone (osteitis deformans)
- Hematogenous osteomyelitis
- Metastasis to bone
- Tumor-induced osteomalacia
Soft tissue tumors
- Angiosarcoma
- Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)
- Desmoplastic fibroma
- Epithelioid sarcoma
- Fibromatosis
- Ganglion
- Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath
- Glomus tumor
- Hemangioendothelioma
- Hemangiopericytoma
- Leiomyoma
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Lipoma
- Liposarcoma
- Melanoma
- Mesenchymoma (benign)
- Mesenchymoma (malignant)
- Myositis ossificans
- Neuroblastoma (metastatic)
- Neurofibroma
- Neurofibrosarcoma
- Neurolemmoma
- Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)
- Rhabdomyoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Synovial sarcoma
OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES
- Above-elbow amputations
- Above-knee amputation
- Adductor muscle group (medial thigh) resection
- Anterior flap hemipelvectomy
- Axillary space exploration and resections
- Below-elbow amputations
- Below-knee amputation
- Biceps and bracialis muscle group resection
- Biopsy of musculoskeletal tumors – principles and techniques
- Buttockectomy
- Chopart amputation
- Curettage and cryosurgery benign and aggressive bone tumors
- Curettage and cryosurgery for benign and aggressive bone tumors
- Distal femur resections – extra-articular resection with a mobile knee
- Distal humeral resections with endoprosthetic replacement
- Expandable prostheses
- Fibular resections
- Forequarter amputation
- Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle group resections
- Hamstring muscle group (posterior thigh) resection
- Hip disarticulation
- Lisfranc amputation
- Management of metastatic bone disease of other sites
- Management of metastatic bone disease of the femur
- Management of metastatic bone disease of the hip
- Management of metastatic bone disease of the humerus
- Management of metastatic bone disease of the pelvis
- Pelvic resections
- Periacetabular resections and saddle prosthesis
- Popliteal space exploration and resections
- Posterior flap hemipelvectomy
- Primary and malignant tumors of the spine
- Proximal and total femur resections with endoprosthetic replacement
- Proximal humeral resection with allograft prosthetic composite
- Proximal humeral resection with endoprosthetic replacement, intra-articular and extra-articular resections
- Proximal tibia resections with endoprosthetic replacement
- Quadriceps resection (anterior thigh) and muscle transfers
- Ray resections
- Scapulectomy and its variants
- The use of allografts for reconstruction of segmental bone defects and use of segmental prosthesis
- The use of microvascularized fibulas for reconstruction of segmental bone defects
- Tibia allograft resection fusion of distal tibia
- Total scapular resections with endoprosthetic reconstruction
- Triceps muscle group resection
See All Operative Techniques in Tumor
