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Tumor Chart - Summary table of the seven questions to ask, differential diagnosis and important information about each tumor.
Musculoskeletal tumors - The five presenting complaints
- Soft tissue mass
- Painless bony mass
- Bone tumor as an incidental finding
- Painful bone lesion
- Pathologic fracture
Radiographic analysis of bone tumors - Seven questions to ask
- Where is the lesion?
- How large is the lesion?
- What is the lesion doing to the bone?
- What is the bone doing in response?
- What kind of matrix is being made?
- Is the cortex eroded?
- Is a soft tissue mass evident?
Biological potential of bone lesions
Benign
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Differential diagnosis of bone lesions
- Polyostotic conditions
- Juxta-articular bone lesions
- Epiphyseal bone lesions
- Epiphyseal-metaphyseal bone lesions
- Metaphyseal and metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone lesions
- Diaphyseal bone lesions
- Parosteal bone lesions
- Anterior bone spine
- Posterior bone spine
- Sacrum bone lesions
- Who should undergo biopsy of a bone lesion?
- Who should do the biopsy of a bone lesion?
- Bone biopsy surgical technique
- Needle versus open biopsy for bone lesion
- Staging of bone tumors
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primary bone lesions
- Osteoid osteoma
- Osteoblastoma
- Osteoma
- Osteochondroma
- Multiple hereditary exostoses (familial osteochondromatosis)
- Enchondroma
- Chondromyxoid fibroma
- Chondroblastoma
- Periosteal chondroma (juxtacortical chondroma)
- Synovial chondromatosis
- Fibrous cortical defect
- Nonossifying fibroma
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Ossifying fibroma (osteofibrous dysplasia)
- Giant cell tumor
- Aneurysmal bone cyst
- Unicameral bone cyst
- Eosinophilic granuloma
- Hemangioma of bone
Malignant primary bone lesions
Disease states mimicking primary bone tumors
Soft tissue tumors
- Angiosarcoma
- Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)
- Desmoplastic fibroma
- Epithelioid sarcoma
- Fibromatosis
- Ganglion
- Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath
- Glomus tumor
- Hemangioendothelioma
- Hemangiopericytoma
- Leiomyoma
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Lipoma
- Liposarcoma
- Melanoma
- Mesenchymoma (benign)
- Mesenchymoma (malignant)
- Myositis ossificans
- Neuroblastoma (metastatic)
- Neurofibroma
- Neurofibrosarcoma
- Neurolemmoma
- Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)
- Rhabdomyoma
- Rhabdomyosarcoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Synovial sarcoma
