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  • Arthroscopy
    • Ankle arthroscopy

    • Elbow arthroscopy

    • Hip arthroscopy

    • Knee arthroscopy

    • Minimally invasive spine surgery

    • Miscellaneous arthroscopy topics

    • Shoulder arthroscopy

    • Wrist arthroscopy

  • Foot and Ankle
    • Achilles tendinosis, non-insertional

    • Achilles tendonitis

    • Achilles tendon rupture

    • Ankle arthritis

    • Ankle osteoarthritis

    • Ankle sprain

    • Ankle tendonitis

    • Base of 5th metatarsal fracture

    • Bunionette

    • Calcaneal fracture

    • Cavovarus foot

    • Cerebral palsy in pediatric patients

    • Cerebral palsy of the foot

    • Charcot foot

    • Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

    • Chronic ankle instability

    • Chronic pain syndrome of the foot

    • Claw toes

    • Diabetic foot ulcer

    • Drop foot

    • Flatfoot

    • Flexor hallicus longus tenosynovitis

    • Foot and Ankle – Instructions for Authors

    • Freibergs disease

    • Fungal infections of the foot

    • Haglund deformity

    • Hallux rigidus

    • Hallux valgus

    • Hammer toes

    • Inflammatory arthritis in the foot

    • Ingrown toenail

    • Lateral ankle instability

    • Lesser toes deformities

    • Lisfranc fracture dislocation

    • Lisfranc ligament injuries

    • Metatarsal fracture

    • Metatarsal fractures – 1st and 5th

    • Metatarsalgia

    • Mortons neuroma

    • Navicular stress fracture

    • Operative Techniques in Foot and Ankle by Location

    • Osteochondral lesions of the ankle

    • Peripheral neuropathies of the foot

    • Peroneal tendonitis

    • Pes cavus

    • Phalangeal fractures of the foot

    • Plantar fasciitis

    • Posterior tibial tendon insufficiency

    • Reconstruction of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity, Stage IIb

    • Reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the foot

    • Retrocalcaneal bursitis

    • Rheumatoid arthritis in the foot

    • Second metatarsophalangeal joint instability (crossover toe)

    • Subtalar arthritis

    • Subtalar fusions

    • Subungal hematoma

    • Syndesmosis Injury

    • Talar body fracture

    • Talar fractures

    • Tarsal coalition

    • Tarsometatarsal arthritis

    • Test Foot and Ankle Page

    • Tibial plafond fractures

    • Total ankle replacement (TAR)
      • AES Total Ankle Replacement

      • Alphanorm Total Ankle Replacement

      • BOX Total Ankle Replacement

      • ESKA Ankle Prosthesis

      • German Ankle System

      • HINTEGRA Total Ankle Replacement

      • INBONE Total Ankle Replacement

      • Mobility Ankle System

      • Ramses Total Ankle Replacement

      • Salto Total Ankle Prosthesis

      • Special Situations for Total Ankle Replacement
        • Simultaneous Bilateral Total Ankle Replacement

        • Takedown of Painful Ankle Fusion and Total Ankle Replacement

      • TARIC Total Ankle Replacement

      • TNK Total Ankle Replacement

    • Treatment of syndesmosis disruptions

    • Short Leg Splint Application

  • Hand and Wrist
    • Above elbow amputation

    • Abscesses of the hand

    • Actinic keratosis

    • Animal and insect bites

    • Anterior interosseous nerve palsy

    • Arthrogryposis

    • Below elbow amputation

    • Bier block

    • Brachial plexus disorders

    • Carpal instability

    • Cellulitis of the hand

    • Cleft hand

    • Clinodactyly

    • Compartment syndrome of the arm

    • Compartment syndrome of the hand

    • Complex regional pain syndrome of the hand

    • Cubital tunnel syndrome

    • Digital block

    • Digit to digit transfer

    • DIP dislocations

    • Distal phalanx fractures

    • DRUJ injury

    • Duplicate thumbs

    • Dupuytren contracture

    • Elbow disarticulation

    • Elbow instability

    • Epicondylitis

    • Extravasation injuries of the upper extremity

    • Felon

    • Finger lengthening

    • Fingertip and nailbed injuries

    • Fingertip injury

    • Flaps

    • Flexor tendon injury

    • Flexor tendon reconstruction

    • Free tissue transfers

    • Frostbite

    • Hand amputation

    • Hand Burns

    • Hand digit transplantation

    • Herpetic whitlow

    • High-Pressure Injection Injuries of the Hand

    • Human bite wound

    • Hypoplastic hands and digits

    • Hypoplastic thumb

    • Hypothenar hammer syndrome

    • Keratoacanthoma

    • Kienbock’s disease

    • Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve compression

    • Lymphangitis

    • Madelung’s deformity

    • Mallet finger (baseball finger)

    • Mallet finger and other extensor mechanism injuries

    • Metacarpal synostosis

    • Metacarpophalangeal (MP) dislocations

    • Mid carpal instability

    • Middle phalanx fractures

    • Necrotizing fasciitis

    • Non-sympathetically maintained pain syndromes

    • Osteoarthritis of the DIP joint

    • Osteoarthritis of the DRUJ

    • Osteoarthritis of the intercarpal joints

    • Osteoarthritis of the PIP joint

    • Osteoarthritis of the radiocarpal joint

    • Osteoarthritis of the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid joint

    • Osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint

    • Paronychia

    • Perilunate instability

    • Peripheral nerve injury

    • Phocomelia

    • PIP dislocations

    • Posterior interosseous nerve palsy

    • Pronator syndrome

    • Proximal phalanx fractures

    • Psoriatic arthritis of the upper extremity

    • Pterygium cubitale

    • Radial deficiencies

    • Radial head dislocation

    • Radial tunnel syndrome

    • Radioulnar synostosis

    • Replantation

    • Rheumatoid arthritis and flexor tenosynovitis

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the DIP joint

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the elbow

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the hand

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the MP joint

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the PIP joint

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the thumb

    • Rheumatoid arthritis of the wrist

    • Scaphoid fractures
      • Scaphoid Kinematics

    • Scaphoid lunate advanced collapse (SLAC)

    • Scaphoid Osteonecrosis (Preiser’s disease)

    • Scapholunate instability

    • Scleroderma and the upper extremity

    • Skin grafting

    • Spasticity and cerebral palsy affecting the upper extremity

    • Stellate ganglion block

    • Suppurative flexor tenosynovitis

    • Swan neck deformity

    • Tenolysis

    • TFCC injury

    • Thoracic outlet syndrome

    • Thumb fractures

    • Toe to hand transfer

    • Trapezium fractures

    • Trapezoid fractures

    • Traumatic amputations of the fingertip

    • Triquetral fractures

    • Ulnar deficiencies

    • Ulnar tunnel syndrome (Guyon’s Canal)

    • Ulnocarpal instability

    • Vascular malformations of the hand

    • VATER syndrome

    • Wartenberg’s syndrome

    • Wrist block

    • Wrist disarticulation

  • Hip and Knee
    • Implant fixation

    • Antifibrinolytics in Total Hip Arthroplasty

    • Infection in Total Hip Replacement

    • Exploring the Potential of Cartilage Tissue Engineering to Restore Joint Damage

    • Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacing and Custom Total Hip Replacement

    • Total Femur Arthroplasty

    • Leg length discrepancy and THA

    • Total hip replacement for sequelae of childhood septic arthritis of hip

    • Catastrophic wear

    • Prosthesis infection

    • Basic Science and Biomechanics of the Hip

    • Post-traumatic hip

    • Revision hip arthroplasty

    • THA stability

    • THA fixation

    • Safe zones in THA

    • Dislocated THA

    • Periprosthetic fracture in THA

    • Anatomy and Surgical Approaches of the Knee

    • Basic Science and Biomechanics of the Knee

    • Avascular necrosis of the knee and TKA

    • Ligament instability of the knee and TKA

    • Distal femoral osteotomy

    • Patellar clunk syndrome

    • Revision total knee arthroplasty

    • Mechanical alignment in TKA

    • Coronal balancing in TKA

    • Saggital balancing in TKA

    • Patellofemoral balancing in TKA

    • Patella baja in TKA

    • TKA prosthesis design

    • TKA fixation techniques

    • TKA rehabilitation

    • Catastrophic failure in TKA

    • Osteolysis in TKA

    • Periprosthetic fracture in TKA

    • Knee arthrodesis

    • Acetabular labral tear

    • Anatomy and Surgical Approaches of the Hip

    • Antifibrinolytics in Total Knee Arthroplasty

    • Femoroacetabular impingement

    • Hip arthroplasty for acetabular fracture

    • Hip arthroplasty for proximal femur fracture

    • Hip dysplasia

    • Hip osteotomies

    • Infected total knee replacement

    • Osteolysis and wear

    • Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

    • Primary hip arthroplasty

    • Primary total knee arthroplasty

    • Revision hip arthroplasty – Classification and algorithmic approach

    • Short Femoral Stems For Total Hip Arthroplasty

    • Soft Tissue Balancing in TKA

    • Staging of Avascular Necrosis

  • Infection
    • Acute osteomyelitis

    • Antimicorbial therapy for musculoskeletal infections

    • Approach to treatment of musculoskeletal infection

    • Biofilms

    • Bite wounds and infection

    • Chronic osteomyelitis

    • Clinical assessment of musculoskeletal infection

    • Culture and tissue biopsy

    • Diabetic foot infections

    • Diagnostic imaging of periprosthetic joint infection

    • Epidemiology of musculoskeletal infection

    • Hand infections

    • Host factors and immune response

    • Implant related infections

    • Laboratory evaluation of musculoskeletal infection

    • Local antiobiotic treatment

    • Microbiology of musculoskeletal infection

    • Musculoskeletal infections caused by fungal and atypical organisms

    • Necrotizing soft tissue infections

    • Open fractures and infection

    • Pediatric bone and joint infections

    • Procedure related reduction of the risk of infection

    • Reconstruction after infection

    • Septic arthritis

    • Spine infections

    • Surgical debridement and lavage

    • Surgical site infections

  • Joint Reconstruction
    • Infected joint replacement

    • AAOS Guidelines on DVT

    • Acetabular Insertion With Bone Grafting

    • Alternate Bearing Surfaces May Further Reduce Wear in TKA

    • Approaches in Primary THA – Discussion

    • Arthroscopic Procedures May Be Temporizing

    • Aspirin Is Enough for DVT

    • Assessing Polyethylene Wear and Osteolysis in TKA

    • A Technique for the Minimally Invasive, Watson-Jones Approach to Total Hip Arthroplasty

    • Avoiding Leg-Length Inequality in THA

    • Avoiding Neurovascular Complications in THA

    • Bicompartmental Knee Replacement

    • Cementless Fixation Is More Biologic

    • Chest Surgeon Guidelines on DVT

    • Component Implantation in THA – Discussion

    • Computer Navigation Improves the Outcome in TKA

    • Controversies for Bearing Surfaces – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Crosslinked Polyethylene Has Its Benefits in TKA

    • Dealing With Complications in THA – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Dealing With Heterotopic Ossification

    • Demographics of the New Knee Patient

    • Department of Justice Investigation of the Orthopaedic Industry

    • Diagnosing and Managing Infection in THA

    • Diagnosing and Managing Instability in THA

    • Does Gender Matter in TKA

    • Does the Patella Always Have to be Resurfaced

    • Early Outcomes Results With Hip Resurfacing

    • Economics of Total Joint Arthroplasty

    • Efficiency and Economics in Joint Arthroplasty – Discussion

    • Evaluation of the Painful Failed THR

    • Evaluation of the Problematic TKA – Cost-Effective Algorithm

    • Evidence-Based Data for Stem Selection

    • Factors Affecting TKA Flexion

    • Femoral and Tibial Rotational Landmarks in Primary TKA

    • Femoral Osteotomy – Indications, Technique, Outcomes

    • Flexion Contracture in Primary TKA

    • High Flexion TKA Is More Than Hype

    • Hip Impingement Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Hip Resurfacing Arthroplasty 25-Year survival analysis

    • Hip Resurfacing Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Hip Squeaking – Biomechanical Study of Ceramic on Ceramic Bearing Surface

    • How I Put In a Cemented Femoral Stem

    • How I Put In a Fully Coated Femoral Stem

    • How I Put In an Uncemented Acetabular Component

    • How I Put In an Uncemented Tapered Femoral Stem

    • Humanitarian Aid and Disaster Relief – A Combined Military and Civilian Operation

    • Hyperextension in Primary TKA

    • Implant Removal – Acetabulum

    • Implant Removal – Femoral Component

    • Incidence and Risk Factors for Prosthetic Joint Infection Following TKA

    • Insertion of a Fully Coated Femoral Stem

    • Insertion of a Modular Tapered Stem

    • Joint Replacement Access in 2016 – A Supply Side Crisis

    • Knee Arthroplasty Treatment – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Knee Non-arthroplasty Treatment Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Lateral Unicondylar Knee Replacement

    • Low Molecular Weight Heparin – The Latest Facts

    • Making the Diagnosis of Infection in TKA – The Latest Tests

    • Malrotation and Patella Maltracking in TKA

    • Management of Bone Defects in TKA

    • Management of Extra-articular Deformities in TKA

    • Measuring High Level Activity After Total Hip Arthroplasty

    • Medial Unicondylar Knee Replacement

    • MIS Posterior

    • MIS TKA Meets Computer Navigation – Discussion

    • MIS TKA – What Approach Should I Choose

    • Mobile Bearing Unicondylar Knee Replacement

    • Operation Walk – A Way to Give Back My Experience

    • Outcomes Measure in Joint Arthroplasty

    • Outstanding Scientific Hip Papers – Discussion

    • Outstanding Scientific Knee Papers – Discussion

    • Patellofemoral Replacement

    • Patient Selection and Benefits of Hip Resurfacing

    • Pay for Performance Guidelines on DVT

    • Pearls in Practice Efficiency in Joint Arthroplasty

    • Periprosthetic Fractures in TKA – Treatment Options

    • Primary THA Perioperative Issues – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Primary TKA – Discussion

    • Primary TKA The Impact of Technique – Discussion

    • Revision THA Exposure – Anterolateral Approach

    • Revision THA Exposure – Extended Osteotomy

    • Revision THA Exposure – PATH Approach

    • Revision THA Wear and Osteolysis – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Revision TKA Complicated Cases – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Revision TKA – Evaluation and Treatment of the Stiff Knee

    • Revision TKA – Evaluation and Treatment of the Unstable Knee

    • Revision TKA – Results With a Hinged Megaprosthesis

    • Revision TKA Surgical Techniques – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Revision TKA Techniques – A Surgical Algorithm

    • Revision TKA The Preop Evaluation – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Robotic Unicompartmental Knee Replacement

    • Smart Instruments Are in Our Future

    • Stem Fixation in Revision TKA – Press Fit or Cement

    • Surgical Technique for Revision THA – Discussion

    • Team Building Basics

    • Technique Trumps Technology in TKA

    • Technologic Developments in TKA – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • THA Case Presentations and Discussion

    • The Anterior Approach

    • The Difference in Balancing CR and PS TKA

    • The Difficult THA – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • The Infected TKA – What Are My Options

    • The Valgus Knee in Primary TKA

    • The Varus Knee in Primary TKA

    • Tibial Osteotomy – Indications, Technique, Outcomes

    • Tips to Keep Revision TKA Simple

    • Treatment Algorithm for Osteonecrosis

    • Treatment for Rupture of the Extensor Mechanism in TKA

    • Treatment of Patellar Fractures in TKA

    • Unique Complications of Hip Resurfacing

    • Update on Wear and Osteolysis

    • Updates From the ORS on Joint Arthroplasty

    • Venous Thromboembolism – Case Presentations and Discussion

    • Warfarin – What Is Our Goal

    • What Is the Evidence-Based Data for Bearing Surfaces?

    • What Is the Evidence-Based Data for Gender Specific Arthroplasty in TKA

    • What Is the Evidence-Based Data for MIS Approaches

    • What Is the Evidence-Based Data for Mobile Bearing Knees

    • What Is the Latest Update on Hip Dysplasia

    • What Is the Latest Update on Hip Impingement

    • Why I Use Ceramic-Ceramic

    • Why I Use Cross-Linked Polyethylene

    • Why I Use Metal on Metal

    • Why I Would Consider Navigating My THA

    • Why I Would Not Consider Navigating My THA

  • Musculoskeletal Medicine for Medical Students
    • Scurvy

    • Reactive Arthritis

    • Spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality (SCIWORA)

    • Cervical fractures

    • Spinal Stenosis

    • Lumbar disc herniation

    • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

    • Thoracolumbar Fractures

    • Disorders of the Labrum and Proximal Biceps

    • Geriatric Hip Fracture

    • Idiopathic Scoliosis

    • Cervical Radiculopathy

    • Dupuytren’s Contracture

  • Pediatrics
    • Accessory navicular

    • Achondroplasia

    • Acquired flatfoot (Pediatric)

    • Adolescent bunion

    • Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

    • Amputations (Pediatric)

    • Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC)

    • Atlanto-axial subluxation (Pediatric)

    • Autosomal dominant disorders

    • Autosomal recessive disorders

    • Becker muscular dystrophy

    • Birth brachial plexus palsy

    • Cavus foot

    • Child abuse

    • Chromosomal disorders

    • Clubfoot

    • Congenital deficiencies of the upper limb

    • Congenital dislocation of radial head

    • Congenital dislocation of the knee

    • Congenital dislocation of the patella

    • Congenital kyphosis

    • Congenital malformations of the cervical spine

    • Congenital muscular dystrophy

    • Congenital myopathies

    • Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia

    • Congenital vertical talus

    • Coxa vara

    • Curly toes

    • Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

    • Developmental milestones

    • Discoid meniscus

    • Down’s syndrome

    • Duchenne muscular dystrophy

    • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

    • Enchondral ossification

    • Ewing sarcoma

    • Fascioscapulohumeral dystrophies

    • Fibular hemimelia

    • Friedreich ataxia

    • Gaucher’s disease

    • Growing pains

    • Heavy metal intoxication

    • Hemophilia

    • Hereditary motor sensory neuropathies

    • Hereditary multiple exostoses

    • Humeral shaft fractures (Pediatric)

    • Hypermobility of cervical spine (Pediatric)

    • Hypervitaminosis

    • Hypophosphatasia

    • Idiopathic chondrolysis

    • Infantile cortical hyperostosis

    • Infantile idiopathic scoliosis

    • Intramembranous bone formation

    • Juvenile Adolescent Scoliosis

    • Juvenile arthritis

    • Juvenile osteoporosis

    • Klippel-Feil syndrome

    • Kyphosis (Pediatric)

    • Legg-Calve-Perthes syndrome

    • Leg length discrepancy (Pediatric)

    • Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

    • Marfan syndrome

    • Melorheostosis

    • Mucopolysaccharidoses

    • Multifactorial disorders

    • Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED)

    • Multiply injured child

    • Muscle growth

    • Myelodysplasia

    • Myotonia congenita

    • Myotonic dystrophy

    • Normal growth and development

    • Osgood-Schlatter disease

    • Osteochondritis dissecans

    • Osteogenesis imperfecta

    • Osteomyelitis (Pediatric)

    • Overuse injuries

    • Parathyroid disorders

    • Patellofemoral pain syndrome (Pediatric)

    • Pes planovalgus

    • Physeal injuries

    • Poliomyelitis

    • Polydactyly

    • Posteromedial bowing of the tibia

    • Postural deformations

    • Postural kyphosis

    • Prenatal testing

    • Prosthetics and orthotics

    • Proximal focal femoral deficiency

    • Rickets & osteomalacia

    • Scheuermann’s kyphosis

    • Septic arthritis (Pediatric)

    • Sex linked dominant disorders

    • Sex-linked recessive disorders

    • Short stature

    • Sickle cell disease and related hemoglobinopathies

    • Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

    • Spinal muscular atrophy

    • Spondyloarthropathies

    • Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED)

    • Spondylolisthesis (Pediatric)

    • Spondylolysis (Pediatric)

    • Sprengel’s deformity

    • Streeter’s dysplasia

    • Teratologic dislocation of the hip

    • Thyroid disorders

    • Tibial hemimelia

    • Tibia vara

    • Timing of ossification centers

    • Timing of secondary sexual characteristics

    • Torn meniscus (Pediatric)

    • Torsional problems

    • Torticollis

    • Transient synovitis of the hip

  • Shoulder and Elbow
    • Acromioclavicular joint arthritis

    • Acute rotator cuff tears

    • Acute shoulder dislocations

    • Avascular necrosis of the humerus

    • Chronic post traumatic instability

    • Chronic rotator cuff tendinopathy

    • Glenohumeral arthrosis

    • Glenoid fractures

    • Humeral avulsion glenohumeral ligament (HAGL)

    • Impingement syndrome

    • Multi-directional shoulder instability

    • Proximal humeral fractures

    • Scapular body fractures

    • Shoulder arthroplasty

    • Snapping scapula

    • Supracscapular neuropathy

    • Traumatic brachical plexopathy

  • Spine
    • Adult deformity – scoliosis and kyphosis

    • Adult isthmic spondylolithesis

    • Anterior cord syndrome

    • Biomechanics of the spine

    • Brown-Sequard syndrome

    • Central cord syndrome

    • Cervical disc disease

    • Cervical facet fracture dislocation

    • Cervical spine anatomy

    • Cervical vertebral body fracture

    • Congenital Scoliosis

    • Cranio-cervical and upper cervical trauma

    • C-Spine Evaluation and Clearance

    • Degenerative spondylolithesis

    • Disc space infection

    • Inflammatory conditions of the spine

    • Kyphosis

    • Lumbar burst fracture

    • Lumbar degenerative disc disease

    • Lumbar spinal stenosis

    • Lumbar spondylolisthesis

    • Neuromuscular Scoliosis

    • Neurophysiology – Role of EMG and Nerve Conduction Studies

    • Odontoid fracture

    • Pediatric idiopathic scoliosis

    • Pediatric spine injuries

    • Physical examination of the spine

    • Physical fitness level and chronic low back pain

    • Posterior cord syndrome

    • Pyogenic infections

    • Rheumatoid spine

    • Scoliosis

    • Spinal cord injury

    • Spinal cord monitoring

    • Spinal tuberculosis and atypical infections

    • Spine anatomy

    • Subaxial cervical trauma

    • Thoracic disc herniations, stenosis, and spondylosis

    • Thoracolumbar burst fracture

    • Thoracolumbar trauma

  • Sports Medicine
    • Anterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee
      • Anterior cruciate ligament injury

    • Athletic Training

    • Female athletic triad

    • Concussions

    • Knee dislocation

    • Ligaments of the knee

    • Medial collateral ligament injuries of the knee

    • Meniscal tears

    • Meniscal tears – Question and Answer

    • Meniscus and cartilage of the knee

    • Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee

    • Pectoralis major rupture

    • Posterior cruciate ligament injuries of the knee

    • Posterior tibial tendonitis

    • Posterolateral corner injuries of the knee

    • Rotator cuff tears

    • Distal clavicle osteolysis

    • Sun protection strategies for the athlete

    • Anterior shoulder instability

    • Turf toe

    • Meniscal cyst

    • Physical exam of the knee

    • Knee imaging

    • Lateral collateral ligament injuries of the knee

    • Proximal tibia fibula joint dislocation

    • Patella tendonitis

    • Quadriceps tendonitis

    • Semimenbranosus tendinitis

    • Prepatellar bursitis

    • Iliotibial band friction syndrome

    • Patella instability

    • Lateral patellar compression

    • Idiopathic chondromalacia

    • Patella tendon rupture

    • Infrapatellar bursitis

    • Osteochondral lesions of the knee

    • Osteonecrosis of the knee

    • Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee

    • Plicae of the knee

    • Osgood Schlatters disease

    • Sinding-Larsen-Johansen

    • Scapulothoracic joint

    • Os acrominale

    • Physical exam of the shoulder

    • Shoulder imaging

    • Phases of throwing

    • Subacoracoid impingement

    • Subacromial impingement

    • Calcific tendonitis of the shoulder

    • Rotator cuff tendinosis

    • Rotator cuff arthropathy

    • Biceps tendonitis

    • Biceps subluxation

    • Acromioclavicular joint separation

    • Posterior shoulder instability

    • Multidirectional instability

    • Sternoclavicular instability

    • SLAP lesions

    • Internal impingement of the shoulder

    • Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit

    • Little leaguers shoulder

    • Posterior labral tear

    • Articular cartilage lesions of the shoulder

    • Glenohumeral joint arthritis

    • Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder

    • Avascular necrosis

    • Scapulothoracic crepitus

    • Labral disease of the shoulder

    • Brachial plexus injuries

    • Axillary nerve injuries

    • Long thoracic nerve injuries

    • Scapular winging

    • Suprascapular neuropathy

    • Parsonage-Turner syndrome

    • Quadrilateral space syndrome

    • Axillary-subclavian aneurysm

    • Deltoid rupture

    • Triceps rupture

    • Latissimus dorsi rupture

    • Elbow anatomy

    • Physical exam of the elbow

    • Elbow imaging

    • Ulnar collateral ligament injury of the elbow

    • Valgus instability

    • Valgus extension overload

    • Varus instability

    • Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow

    • Posteromedial rotatory instability of the elbow

    • Distal biceps rupture

    • Distal triceps avulsion

    • Lateral epicondylitis

    • Medial epicondylitis

    • Olecranon bursitis

    • Elbow arthritis

    • Osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow

    • Little leaguers elbow

    • Elbow stiffness

    • Loose bodies in the elbow

    • Ulnar nerve compression at the elbow

    • DeQuervains disease

    • Distal radioulnar joint sprain

    • Finger sprain

    • Hamate fracture

    • Hand lacerations

    • TFCC tear

    • Thumb ulnar collateral ligament sprain

    • Ulnar nerve compresion at the wrist

    • Hip Pointer

    • ASIS avulsion

    • Athletic pubalgia

    • Osteitis pubis

    • Thigh nerve entrapment syndromes

    • Piriformis syndrome

    • Sacroiliac sprain

    • Hip dislocation

    • Snapping hip syndrome

    • Loose bodies in the hip

    • Labral tear of the hip

    • Chondral lesions of the hip

    • Greater trochanteric bursitis

    • Bo Jackson syndrome

    • Femoral neck stress fracture

    • Femoral shaft stress fracture

    • Adductor strain

    • Hamstring injuries

    • Quadriceps contusion

    • Rectus femoris strain

    • Leg nerve entrapment syndromes

    • Popliteal artery entrapment

    • Shin splints

    • Tennis leg

    • Tibial shaft stress fracture

    • Head injuries

    • Neck injuries

    • Burners and stingers

    • Heat stroke

    • Herniated disc

    • Lumbosacral sprains

    • Thoracolumbar sprains

    • Exercise science

    • Preparticipation exams

    • Cardiac conditions in athletes

    • Pulmonary conditions in athletes

    • Visceral blunt trauma

    • Infectious diseases in athletes

    • Female athlete

    • Steroids in athletes

    • Nutritional supplements in athletes

    • Athletic trainer

    • Accesory navicular

    • Interdigital neuroma

    • Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus

    • Pes planus

    • Sesamoid injuries of the toes

    • Tarsal tunnel syndrome

    • Calcaneal stress fracture

    • Metatarsal stress fracture

    • FOTIOS BOOK
      • FPT Achilles Tendon Disorders (tendonopathy and rupture)

      • FPT Adhesive capsulitis

      • FPT Ankle sprains and ligament injuries and ankle impingement (arthritis)

      • FPT Burners and Stingers

      • FPT Bursitis (pes anserine bursitis/pre-patellar bursitis)

      • FPT Chondral lesions about the knee

      • FPT Clavicle fractures

      • FPT Cruciate ligament injuries (ACL/PCL)

      • FPT Disorders of the AC joint (separations and arthropathy)

      • FPT Disorders of the biceps/triceps

      • FPT Disorders of the collateral ligaments/capsule/multi-ligament

      • FPT Disorders of the elbow ligaments (UCL/LUCL)

      • FPT Disorders of the extensor mechanism (quad/patellar tendon – ruptures and tendonopathy)

      • FPT Disorders of the labrum and biceps

      • FPT Disorders of the rotator cuff (tendonopathy/tears)/pec major injuries

      • FPT FAI and labrum disorders

      • FPT Glenohumeral arthritis

      • FPT Glenohumeral dislocation and instability

      • FPT Meniscus tears

      • FPT Osteochondral injuries of the elbow

      • FPT Patellofemoral pain and patellar instability

      • FPT Proximal humerus fractures

      • FPT Scapulothoracic disorders

      • FPT Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis

      • FPT Stress Fractures in sports and Female Athlete Triad

      • FPT Tendon disorders of the hip and thigh (Hamstring Injuries/Snapping Hip/Etc)

  • Trauma
    • Acetabular fractures

    • Acinetobacter and Wound Infections

    • Acromioclavicular joint injuries

    • Acromioclavicular ligament sprain

    • Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

    • Amputations of the lower extremity

    • Amputations of the upper extremity

    • Ankle fractures

    • Ankle sprains

    • Anterior cruciate ligament sprain

    • Anterior talofibular ligament sprain

    • Articular fractures

    • Biceps rupture

    • Biomechanical considerations for fracture treatment

    • Bone grafts and bone graft substitutes

    • Both Bones Fractures

    • Calcaneofibular ligament sprain

    • Calcaneus fractures

    • Capitate fractures

    • Carpal fractures

    • Carpal Phalanges fractures

    • Casting

    • Cervical spine fractures

    • Clavicle fractures

    • Closed reduction

    • Closed Tibial Shaft Fractures
      • In Brief – Closed Tibial Shaft Fractures

    • Coccyx fractures

    • Combat Application Tourniquet System (CATS)

    • Combined instabilities of the knee

    • Compartment syndrome

    • Condylar femur fractures

    • Coracoacromial ligament sprain

    • Coracoclavicular ligament sprain

    • Coronoid fractures

    • Cuboid fractures

    • Cuneiform fractures

    • Deltoid ligament sprain

    • Distal bicep tendon rupture

    • Distal humerus fractures

    • Distal radius fractures

    • Distal Ulna fractures

    • Distraction histiogenesis

    • Elbow dislocation

    • Elbow fractures

    • Epiphyseal fractures

    • Evaluation and treatment of patients with vascular injuries

    • External fixation

    • Fat embolism syndrome

    • Femoral fractures

    • Femoral head fractures
      • BMSD modification

      • The First Rule of Veterinary Medicine

    • Femoral neck fractures
      • 9 uses for the iliac crest

    • Femoral shaft fractures

    • Fibula shaft fractures

    • Finger dislocation

    • Finger fractures

    • Forearm fractures

    • Fracture bracing

    • Fracture classification

    • Fracture nonunions

    • Fractures of the fibula

    • Fractures of the radius

    • Glenohumeral dislocations

    • Glenohumeral ligament sprain

    • Gunshot wounds

    • Hamate fractures

    • Hand extensor tendon disruption

    • Hand flexor tendon disruption

    • Hand fractures

    • Heterotopic ossification

    • Hip dislocations

    • Hip fractures

    • Humeral Fractures

    • Humeral shaft fractures

    • Iliac wing fractures

    • Interfragmentary compression and lag screws

    • Intertrochanteric femur fractures

    • Intramedullary nailing

    • Irrigation of War Wounds

    • Ischial tuberosity fractures

    • Kirschner Wires

    • Knee extensor mechanism disruption

    • Knee fractures

    • Lateral collateral ligament sprain of the elbow

    • Lateral collateral ligament sprain of the knee

    • Lateral complex injuries of the knee

    • Leg fractures

    • Lisfranc injury

    • Lumbar spine fractures

    • Lunate fractures

    • Martin-Gruber Anastomosis

    • Medial ankle sprains

    • Medial collateral ligament sprain of the elbow

    • Medial collateral ligament sprain of the knee

    • Metacarpal fractures

    • Metastatic bone lesions (pathological fractures)

    • Metatarsal fractures

    • Midfoot sprains

    • Multiply injured patient

    • Olecranon fractures
      • In Brief – Olecranon Fractures

    • Open fractures

    • Osteoporosis related fractures

    • Patella fractures

    • Patellar dislocation

    • Patellar tendon rupture

    • Pediatric Trauma
      • Pediatric ankle fractures

      • Pediatric lateral humeral condyle fracture

      • Pediatric medial humeral epicondyle fractures

      • Pediatric supracondylar fracture of the humerus

    • Pelvic Fractures

    • Pisiform fractures

    • Plates and screws

    • Polytrauma patients with head injuries

    • Posterior cruciate ligament sprain

    • Posterior tibialis tendon disruption

    • Posttraumatic osteomyelitis

    • Proximal bicep tendon rupture

    • Proximal fibula fractures

    • Proximal humerus fractures

    • Pubic ramus fractures

    • Quadriceps tendon rupture

    • Radial head fractures

    • Radial shaft fractures

    • Rib fractures

    • Rotator cuff tear

    • Sacral fractures

    • Scapular fractures

    • Shoulder fractures

    • SIGN Disaster Relief Handbook

    • Sternal fractures

    • Sternoclavicular ligament sprain

    • Subtalar sprains

    • Subtrochanteric femur fractures

    • Supracondylar femur fractures

    • Syndesmosis ankle sprains

    • Syndesmosis ligament sprain

    • Tarsal navicular fractures

    • Tarsal phalanges fractures

    • Tension band wiring

    • Thoracic spine fractures
      • Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Scale (TLICSS)

    • Tibia fractures

    • Tibial plateau fractures

    • Tibial shaft fractures

    • Traction

    • Triangular fibrocartilage complex injury

    • Ulnar collateral ligament sprain of the thumb

    • Ulnar fractures

    • Ulnar shaft fractures

    • Ulna shaft fracture

    • Volar plate injury

    • Wet-to-Dry Dressings and Wound Healing

    • Wound coverage techniques

    • Wrist fractures

    • Wrist sprains

  • Tumor
    • Adamantinoma

    • Aneurysmal bone cyst

    • Angiosarcoma

    • Anterior bone spine

    • Benign active bone lesions

    • Benign aggressive bone lesions

    • Benign latent bone lesions

    • Biological Potential of Bone Lesions

    • Biopsy and Staging

    • Bone biopsy surgical technique

    • Bone infarct

    • Bone tumor as an incidental finding

    • Chondroblastoma

    • Chondromyxoid fibroma

    • Chondrosarcoma (central)
      • Clear cell chondrosarcoma

      • Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma

      • Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

      • Periosteal chondrosarcoma

    • Chordoma

    • Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)

    • Desmoplastic fibroma

    • Diaphyseal bone lesions

    • Differential Diagnosis of Bone Lesions

    • Enchondroma
      • Maffucci’s Syndrome

      • Ollier’s Disease (Multiple Enchondromatosis)

    • Enostosis (bone island)

    • Eosinophilic granuloma
      • Hand-Schüller-Christian disease

      • Letterer-Siwe disease

    • Epiphyseal bone lesions

    • Epiphyseal-metaphyseal bone lesions

    • Epithelioid sarcoma

    • Fibromatosis

    • Fibrosarcoma

    • Fibrous cortical defect

    • Fibrous dysplasia
      • McCune-Albright Syndrome

    • Ganglion

    • Giant cell tumor

    • Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath

    • Glomus tumor

    • Hemangioendothelioma

    • Hemangioma of bone

    • Hemangiopericytoma

    • Hematogenous osteomyelitis

    • How large is the lesion

    • Hyperparathyroidism

    • Is a soft tissue mass evident

    • Is the cortex eroded

    • Juxta-articular bone lesions

    • Leiomyoma

    • Leiomyosarcoma

    • Leukemia
      • Chloroma

    • Lipoma

    • Liposarcoma

    • Low-grade intramedullary osteosarcoma

    • Lymphoma of bone
      • Hodgkin’s lymphoma

      • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

    • Malignant bone lesions

    • Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH)

    • Melanoma

    • Mesenchymoma (benign)

    • Mesenchymoma (malignant)

    • Metaphyseal and metaphyseal-diaphyseal bone lesions

    • Metastasis to bone

    • Multiple hereditary exostoses (familial osteochondromatosis)

    • Musculoskeletal Tumors – The Five Presenting Complaints

    • Myeloma

    • Myositis ossificans

    • Needle versus open biopsy for bone lesion

    • Neuroblastoma (metastatic)

    • Neurofibroma

    • Neurofibrosarcoma

    • Neurolemmoma

    • Nonossifying fibroma

    • Ossifying fibroma (osteofibrous dysplasia)

    • Osteoblastoma

    • Osteochondroma

    • Osteoid osteoma

    • Osteoma
      • Gardner’s Syndrome

    • Osteosarcoma
      • Appendicular skeleton

      • Hypoxia induced proliferation in osteogenic sarcoma

      • Juxtacortical osteosarcomas

      • Osteogenic sarcoma

      • Osteosarcoma arising in Pagetoid bone

      • Small-cell osteosarcoma

      • Telangiectatic osteosarcoma

    • Paget’s disease of bone (osteitis deformans)

    • Painful bone lesion

    • Painless bony mass

    • Parosteal bone lesions

    • Parosteal osteosarcoma
      • High-grade parosteal (dedifferentiated) osteosarcoma

    • Pathologic fracture

    • Periosteal chondroma (juxtacortical chondroma)

    • Periosteal osteosarcoma

    • Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS)

    • Polyostotic conditions

    • Posterior bone spine

    • Radiographic Analysis of Bone Tumors – Seven Questions to Ask

    • Rhabdomyoma

    • Rhabdomyosarcoma

    • Sacrum bone lesions

    • Soft tissue mass

    • Squamous cell carcinoma

    • Staging of bone tumors

    • Stress fracture

    • Synovial chondromatosis

    • Synovial sarcoma

    • Tumor Chart

    • Tumor-induced osteomalacia

    • Unicameral bone cyst

    • What is the bone doing in response

    • What is the lesion doing to the bone

    • What kind of matrix is being made

    • Where is the lesion

    • Who should do the biopsy of a bone lesion

    • Who should undergo biopsy of a bone lesion

  • Anatomy
    • Bones
      • Calcaneus

      • Capitate

      • Cervical vertebrae

      • Clavicle

      • Coccyx

      • Cuboid

      • Cuneiform

      • Distal phalanges of the foot

      • Distal phalanges of the hand

      • Ethmoid

      • Femur

      • Femur Bone

      • Fibula

      • Frontal

      • Hamate

      • Humerus

      • Ilium

      • Intermediate phalanges of the foot

      • Intermediate phalanges of the hand

      • Ischium

      • Lumbar vertebrae

      • Lunate

      • Metacarpals

      • Metatarsals

      • Navicular

      • Occipital

      • Parietal

      • Patella

      • Pisiform

      • Proximal phalanges of the foot

      • Proximal phalanges of the hand

      • Pubis

      • Radius

      • Ribs

      • Sacrum

      • Scaphoid

      • Scapula

      • Sphenoid

      • Sternum

      • Talus

      • Temporal

      • Thoracic vertebrae

      • Tibia

      • Trapezium

      • Trapezoid

      • Triquetrum

      • Ulna

    • Bursae

    • Joints
      • Ankle joint

      • Arthrocentesis

      • Arthrokinematics

      • Cartilage

      • Elbow joint

      • Hip joint

      • Joints of the foot
        • Interphalangeal articulations of the foot

        • Lisfranc joint

      • Joints of the hand
        • Carpometacarpal joint

        • Intercarpal articulations

        • Intermetacarpal articulations

        • Interphalangeal joints

        • Metacarpophalangeal joints

        • Midcarpal joint

      • Knee joint
        • Articular capsule of the knee joint

        • Femoral artery

        • Femoral condyles

        • Medial and lateral retinacula of the knee

        • Popliteal artery

        • Popliteal fossa

        • Screw-home mechanism

        • Tibial plateau

        • Valgus deformity of the knee

      • Metaphysis

      • Sacroiliac joint

      • Sesamoid

      • Shoulder joint
        • Acromioclavicular joint

        • Glenohumeral joint

        • Sternoclavicular joint

      • Spinal

      • Subluxation

      • Synovial membrane

      • Torque

      • Type I collagen

      • Wrist joint

    • Ligaments
      • Acromioclavicular ligament

      • Anterior cruciate ligament

      • Anterior sacroiliac ligament

      • Anterior sternoclavicular ligament

      • Anular ligament of the radius

      • Arcuate ligament

      • Coracoacromial ligament

      • Coracoclavicular ligament

      • Coracohumeral ligament

      • Coronary ligaments

      • Costoclavicular ligament

      • Dorsal radiocarpal ligament

      • Glenohumeral ligaments

      • Glenoid labrum (glenoid ligament)

      • Inferior transverse scapular ligament

      • Interclavicular ligament

      • Lateral collateral ligament

      • Medial collateral ligament

      • Oblique cord

      • Palmar radiocarpal ligament

      • Patellar ligament

      • Posterior cruciate ligament

      • Posterior sacroiliac ligament

      • Posterior sternoclavicular ligament

      • Quadrate ligament

      • Radial collateral ligament of the elbow joint

      • Radial collateral ligament of the thumb

      • Radial collateral ligament of the wrist joint

      • Sacrospinous ligament

      • Sacrotuberous ligament

      • Scapholunate ligament

      • Sphenomandibular ligament

      • Stylomandibular ligament

      • Superior transverse scapular ligament

      • Temporomandibular ligament

      • Transverse humeral ligament

      • Ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow joint

      • Ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb

      • Ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist joint

    • Muscles
      • Abductor digiti minimi of the hand

      • Abductor pollicis brevis

      • Abductor pollicis longus

      • Adductor brevis

      • Adductor longus

      • Adductor magnus

      • Adductor pollicis

      • Anconeus

      • Articularis genus

      • Biceps brachii

      • Biceps femoris – long head

      • Biceps femoris – short head

      • Brachialis

      • Brachioradialis

      • Compartments of the leg

      • Coracobrachialis

      • Deltoid

      • Extensor carpi radialis brevis

      • Extensor carpi radialis longus

      • Extensor carpi ulnaris

      • Extensor digiti minimi

      • Extensor digitorum

      • Extensor digitorum longus

      • Extensor hallucis longus

      • Extensor indicis

      • Extensor pollicis brevis

      • Extensor pollicis longus

      • Flexor carpi radialis

      • Flexor carpi ulnaris

      • Flexor digiti minimi brevis

      • Flexor digitorum longus

      • Flexor digitorum profundus

      • Flexor digitorum superficialis

      • Flexor hallucis longus

      • Flexor pollicis brevis

      • Flexor pollicis longus

      • Gastrocnemius

      • Gluteus maximus

      • Gluteus medius

      • Gluteus minimus

      • Gracilis

      • Iliopsoas

      • Inferior gemellus

      • Infraspinatus

      • Interosseous muscles

      • Latissimus dorsi

      • Levator scapulae

      • Obturator externus

      • Obturator internus

      • Opponens digiti minimi

      • Opponens pollicis

      • Palmaris longus

      • Pectineus

      • Pectoralis major

      • Pectoralis minor

      • Peroneus brevis

      • Peroneus longus

      • Peroneus tertius

      • Piriformis

      • Plantaris

      • Popliteus

      • Pronator quadratus

      • Pronator teres

      • Quadratus femoris

      • Rectus femoris

      • Rhomboid major and minor

      • Sartorius

      • Semimembranosus

      • Semitendinosus

      • Soleus

      • Sternocleidomastoid

      • Subscapularis

      • Superior gemellus

      • Supinator

      • Supraspinatus

      • Tensor fascia lata

      • Teres major

      • Teres minor

      • Tibialis anterior

      • Tibialis posterior

      • Trapezius

      • Triceps brachii

      • Vastus intermedius

      • Vastus lateralis

      • Vastus medialis

    • Nerves
      • Anterior interosseous nerve

      • Axillary nerve

      • Brachial plexus

      • Cluneal nerves

      • Dorsal scapular nerve

      • Femoral nerve

      • Genitofemoral nerve

      • Iliohypogastric nerve

      • Ilioinguinal nerve

      • Inferior gluteal nerve

      • Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve

      • Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

      • Lateral plantar nerve

      • Long thoracic nerve

      • Lumbosacral plexus

      • Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

      • Medial plantar nerve

      • Median nerve

      • Musculocutaneous nerve

      • Obturator nerve

      • Peroneal nerve

      • Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

      • Posterior interosseous nerve

      • Radial nerve

      • Saphenous nerve

      • Sciatic nerve

      • Subscapular nerve

      • Superior gluteal nerve

      • Suprascapular nerve

      • Sural nerve

      • Tibial nerve

    • Tendons
      • Achilles tendon

  • Basic Science
    • Acute rheumatic fever

    • Antibiotics

    • Anticoagulation

    • Anti-inflammatories

    • Articular cartilage repair

    • Basic biomechanics

    • Bioabsorbable materials

    • Biomechanic definitions

    • Biomechanics of the elbow

    • Biomechanics of the foot and ankle

    • Biomechanics of the hand

    • Biomechanics of the hip

    • Biomechanics of the knee

    • Biomechanics of the shoulder

    • Biomechanics of the wrist

    • Bisphosphonates

    • Bone cells

    • Bone circulation

    • Bone grafting

    • Bone marrow

    • Bone matrix

    • Bone remodeling

    • Bone signaling

    • Charcot arthropathy

    • Corrosion

    • Enchondral formation

    • Fat emboli syndrome

    • Form and function of articular cartilage

    • Form and function of cartilage

    • Form and function of collagen

    • Form and function of intervertebral disc

    • Form and function of ligament

    • Form and function of meniscus

    • Form and function of synovium

    • Form and function of tendon

    • Fracture healing

    • Friction

    • Gait analysis

    • Genetic bases of disorders
      • Molecular Signatures in Sarcomas – The Translocation Paradigm

    • Genetic mutations

    • Hemarthrosis

    • Hemochromatosis

    • Hypercalcemia

    • Hypocalcemia

    • Hypoparathyroidism

    • Implant biomechanics

    • Inheritence patterns

    • Intramembranous formation

    • Lubrication

    • Material properties

    • Metabolic bone diseases

    • Molecular and cell biology

    • Molecular basis of cancer

    • Muscle biology and physiology

    • Normal bone metabolism

    • Ochronosis

    • Orthotics

    • Osteoarthritis

    • Osteogenesis and exercise

    • Osteomalacia

    • Osteonecrosis

    • Osteopenia

    • Osteopoikilosis

    • Osteoptrosis

    • Peripheral nerve injury and repair

    • Pigmented villonodular synovitis

    • Prosthetics

    • Pseudogout

    • Pseudohypoparathyroidism

    • Psoriatic arthropathy

    • Reiters syndrome

    • Renal osteodystrophy

    • Rickets

    • Skeletal embryology

    • Synovial fluid

    • Thromboembolism

    • Types of bone

    • Wear

  • Classifications
    • Arthroscopy Classifications

    • Foot and Ankle Classifications
      • Fractures of the neck of the talus – Hawkins classification

    • Hand and Wrist Classifications
      • Fractures of the first metacarpal – Classification of Green and OBrien

    • Hip and Knee Classifications
      • Ahlbäck classification of knee osteoarthritis

      • Classification for patella fracture after total knee arthroplasty

      • Osteonecrosis of the femoral head – Kerboul classification

      • Paprosky femoral defects classification

      • Periprosthetic fractures of the femur – Johansson classification

      • Proximal femoral fractures following total hip arthroplasty – Bethea classification

    • Infection Classifications

    • Informatic Classifications

    • Pediatric Classifications

    • Shoulder and Elbow Classifications
      • Acromioclavicular joint injuries – Rockwood classification

      • Allman classification of clavicle fractures

      • Classification of elbow dislocations

      • Classification of shoulder dislocations

      • Fractures of the coronoid process – Regan and Morrey classification

      • The morphology of the acromion according to Bigliani

    • Spine Classifications
      • Disc degeneration – Adam classification of discogram morphology

      • Galante classification of disc degeneration

      • Gordon classification of intervertebral disk degeneration

      • King classification of idiopathic scoliosis

      • Lenke classification of scoliosis

      • Metastatic spine tumor description – Harrington classification

      • Nurick classification system for myelopathy

      • Ranawat classification of neurological impairment

      • The WBB (Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini) staging system for spinal tumors

      • Thoracic disc disease – Anand classification

      • Vertebral endplate and marrow changes – Modic classification

    • Sports Medicine Classifications
      • Anterior cruciate ligament injuries classification

      • Classification of meniscal tears

      • Medial collateral ligament injury classification

    • Trauma Classifications
      • AO classification of fractures – general principles

      • Atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation – classification

      • Atlanto-occipital dislocation (craniovertebral dissociation)

      • Brachial plexus injury – Gilbert shoulder classification

      • C2-C3 traumatic spondylolisthesis (hangman’s fracture) – Levine-Edwards classification

      • Cervical spine injuries – Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) classification

      • Danis-Weber classification of ankle fractures

      • Femoral head fractures – Pipkin classification

      • Femoral neck fractures – Pauwels classification

      • Femoral shaft fractures – Winquist classification

      • Fractures of the acetabulum – classification of Judet and Letournel

      • Fractures of the calcaneum – Essex-Lopresti classification

      • Fractures of the calcaneum – Sanders classification

      • Fractures of the capitellum classification

      • Fractures of the dens (odontoid) – Anderson and D Alonzo classification

      • Fractures of the lateral condyle – Milch classification

      • Fractures of the pelvis – Tile classification

      • Fractures of the radial head – Mason classification

      • Fractures of the scaphoid – anatomical classification

      • Fractures of the scaphoid – Cooney Dobyns and Linscheid classification

      • Fractures of the scaphoid – Russe classification

      • Fractures of the scapula – Ideberg classification

      • Fractures of the scapula – Zdravkovic–Damholt classification

      • Fractures of the shaft of the humerus – morphological classification

      • Fractures of the tibial plateau – Schatzker classification

      • Fractures of the tibial spine (intercondylar eminence)

      • Gustilo open fracture classification

      • Impairment in spinal cord injury – ASIA impairment scale

      • Intercondylar fractures of the humerus (T or Y fractures) – Riseborough and Radin classification

      • Intertrochanteric fractures – Evans classification

      • Intra-articular fractures of the distal radius – Malone classification

      • Lauge–Hansen classification of ankle fractures

      • Monteggia fractures – Bado classification

      • Nerve injury – Seddon-Sunderland classification

      • Pilon (tibial plafond) fractures – Ruedi and Allgower classification

      • Posterior hip dislocations – Thompson and Epstein classification

      • Recovery after brachial plexus injury – Mallet classification

      • Sacral fractures – Denis classification

      • Spinal cord function – Frankel grade

      • Stewart classification of fracture dislocation of the hip

      • Subtrochanteric fractures – Fielding classification

      • Subtrochanteric fractures – Seinsheimer classification

      • Tarsometatarsal joint injuries – Quenn and Kuss classification

      • Thoracolumbar spine fractures – McAfee classification

      • Thoracolumbar spine trauma – Maegerl AO classification

      • Tibial plateau fractures – AO classification

      • Ulnar nerve injury – McGowan classification

    • Tumor Classifications

  • Diagnostic Tests
    • Arthrography

    • Blood Tests

    • Bone Scan

    • Computed Tomography (CT Scan)

    • Discography

    • Doppler Ultrasound

    • Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry

    • Dual-Photon Absorptiometry

    • Electromyography

    • Flexibility Tests

    • Intrathecal Contrast Enhanced CT Scan

    • Joint Aspiration and Analysis

    • Laboratory Studies

    • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

    • Muscle Tests

    • Nerve Conduction Study (NCS)

    • Palpation

    • Peripheral Bone Density Testing

    • Quantitative Computed Tomography

    • Radiographs (X-rays)

    • Range of Motion Testing

    • Single Photon Absorptiometry

    • Stress Tests

    • Surface Topography as an Evaluation Tool in Spinal Deformity

    • Ultrasonography

    • Venography

  • Evidence-Based Orthopaedics
    • Arthroplasty ACE Reports
      • Is minimally invasive subvastus approach advantageous in total knee arthroplasty

    • Evidence-Based Orthopaedic Terminology

    • Foot and Ankle ACE Reports

    • General Orthopaedics ACE Reports

    • Hand and Wrist ACE Reports

    • How to assess an article on health-related quality of life

    • How to assess a randomized controlled trial in surgery

    • How to assess power and sample size

    • How to perform a literature search

    • How to use a decision analysis

    • How to use an article about a diagnostic test

    • How to use an article evaluating surgical interventions

    • How to use an article on economic analysis

    • How to use an article on prognosis

    • How to use an article reporting population-based volume-outcome relationships in surgery

    • How to use a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

    • How to work with a subgroup analysis

    • Metabolic Disorders ACE Reports

    • Pediatric Orthopaedics ACE Reports

    • Self-audit and practice appraisal for surgeons

    • Shoulder and Elbow ACE Reports

    • Spine ACE Reports

    • Sports Medicine ACE Reports

    • Trauma ACE Reports

    • Users’ guide to the orthopaedic literature – what is a cost-effectiveness analysis

  • Operative Techniques
    • Operative Techniques in Foot and Ankle
      • Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity Stage IIb

      • Agility Total Ankle Arthroplasty (Primary and Revision)

      • Akin Osteotomy

      • Allograft Reconstruction of Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures

      • Anatomic Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction Using Allograft and Biointerference Screw Fixation

      • Anatomic Repair of Lateral Ankle Instability

      • Ankle arthrodesis

      • Ankle arthroplasty

      • Ankle cheilectomy

      • Anterior Tibial Osteotomy for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

      • Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis

      • Arthroscopic Subtalar Arthrodesis

      • Arthroscopy of the Ankle

      • Arthrosurface Hemicap Resurfacing for Hallux Rigidus

      • Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in the Talus

      • Autologous Matrix-Induced Chondrogenesis for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

      • Biplanar Distal Chevron Osteotomy

      • Blade Plate Fixation for Tibiocalcaneal Arthrodesis

      • Bone-Block Distraction First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis

      • BOX Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Bunionette Deformity

      • Calcaneal Malunion

      • Calcaneal osteotomy

      • Calcaneal Osteotomy and Subtalar Arthrodesis for Calcaneal Malunion

      • Calcaneonavicular Coalition Resection

      • Calcific Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy Using a Lateral Approach

      • Capsular Interpositional Arthroplasty for Hallux Rigidus

      • Chevron osteotomy for hallux valgus

      • Chevron-Type Transmalleolar Osteotomy

      • Chronic Achilles Tendon Ruptures Repaired using Autograft

      • Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability

      • Comprehensive Correction of Pes Cavus

      • Distraction Arthroplasty for Ankle Arthritis

      • Dorsal Cheilectomy for Hallux Rigidus

      • Dorsal Closing Wedge Osteotomy for the Treatment of Freiberg’s Infarction

      • Double First Metarsal Osteotomy and Opening Wedge Principle for Hallux Valgus Correction

      • Endoscopic Morton’s Neuroma Excision

      • Endoscopic Os Trigonum Excision Through a Posterior Approach

      • Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release

      • Endoscopic Release of Flexor Hallucis Longus Tenosynovitis

      • Endoscopic Treatment of Insertional Achilles Tendon Problems

      • Fibular Sesamoidectomy

      • Fifth metatarsal rotational osteotomy for bunionette

      • First metatarsophalangeal cheilectomy

      • First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis

      • First MTP Joint Arthrodesis using a crossed screw technique

      • First tarsometatarsal arthrodesis

      • Fixed and Flexible Hammertoe Deformity

      • Flexor digitorum longus to posterior tibial tendon transfer

      • Flexor Digitorum Longus Transfer and Medial Displacement Calcaneal Osteotomy for Stage II PTTD

      • Flexor Hallucis Tendon Transfer for Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy

      • Flexor hallux longus to achilles transfer

      • Flexor hallux longus to peroneus brevis transfer

      • Flexor hallux longus to proximal phalanx of great toe

      • Flexor-To-Extensor Tendon Transfer for Flexible Hammertoe Deformity

      • Fourth and Fifth (lateral column) Tarsometatarsal Joint Interpositional Arthroplasty

      • Gastrocnemius slide

      • Girdlestone-Taylor transfers (FDL to dorsal hood)

      • Haglund retrocalcaneal resection

      • Hallux Rigidus Treatment With Cheilectomy, Extensive Plantar Release, and Microfracture Technique

      • Hammertoe Correction

      • Hamstring Autografting or Augmentation for Lateral Ankle Instability

      • Hintegra Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Indirect Groove Deepening for Chronic Peroneal Tendon Dislocation

      • Insertional Achilles Tendinosis

      • Internal Fixation of Sesamoid Fractures

      • Lapidus Procedure for Hallux Valgus

      • Lateral ankle ligament reconstruction

      • Lateral Blade Plate Fixation for Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis

      • Lateral Column Lengthening

      • Longitudinal Screw Fixation of Midfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy

      • Ludloff Osteotomy

      • Mau Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Correction

      • Medial Ankle Deltoid Ligament Reconstruction

      • Medial Approach Triple Arthrodesis

      • Medial capsulorraphy (1st tarsometatarsal)

      • Merete Fixation System (Opening and Closing Wedge) for Hallux Valgus Correction

      • Metatarsal Lengthening in Revision Hallux Valgus Surgery

      • Metatarsal Shortening (Weil) Osteotomy (delete)

      • Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty

      • Microfracture for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus

      • Midfoot Osteotomy Arthrodesis using Medial Plate Fixation

      • Miniarthrotomy Technique for Ankle Arthrodesis

      • Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Correction

      • Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis for Tibial Pilon Fractures (Case Series)

      • Mini-Open Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures

      • Moberg Osteotomy – Dorsiflexion Osteotomy of Proximal Phalanx

      • Mobility Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Modified Brostrom Technique for Lateral Ankle Reconstruction

      • Morton’s Neuroma and Revision Morton’s Neuroma Excision

      • Naviculocuneiform arthrodesis

      • Naviculocuneiform Arthrodesis (Miller Flatfoot Procedure)

      • Noninsertional Achilles Tendinopathy

      • Open Repair of Achilles Tendon Ruptures

      • Open Subtalar (Talocalcaneal) Arthrodesis

      • Osteoarticular Transfer System (OATS) Procedure for Repairing Articular Cartilage Defects of the Talus

      • Percutaneous Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures

      • Peroneus longus to achilles

      • Peroneus longus to peroneus brevis

      • Plantarflexion Osteotomy of the Medial Cuneiform

      • Posterior Ankle Impingement Syndrome

      • Posterior tibial tendon transfer

      • Protecting Ankle Structures During Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Proximal Chevron Osteotomy with Plate Fixation

      • Proximal Closing Wedge First Metatarsal Osteotomy

      • Proximal Crescentic First Metatarsal Osteotomy and Distal Soft Tissue Procedure

      • Proximal metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus

      • Proximal Opening Wedge First Metatarsal Osteotomy

      • Reconstruction of Chronic Peroneal Ruptures

      • Repair and Reconstruction of Dislocating Peroneal Tendons

      • Repair of Peroneal Tendon Tears

      • Retrocalcaneal Bursoscopy

      • Revision First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis

      • Rheumatoid Forefoot Reconstruction

      • Salto Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • SCARF Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Correction

      • Second metatarsal shortening osteotomy

      • Shell Allograft Ankle Reconstruction

      • Soft Tissue Expansion in Revision Complex Achilles Tendon Reconstruction

      • Spring Ligament Reconstruction

      • Stabilization of Nonplantigrade Charcot Arthropathy

      • STAR Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Step Cut Medial Malleolar Osteotomy

      • Subtalar arthrodesis

      • Subtalar Arthroscopy

      • Supramalleolar Osteotomy

      • Tarsal Tunnel Release and Plantar Fascia Release

      • Tarsometatarsal Arthrodesis

      • Tendoachilles lengthening

      • The Hintegra Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • The Lapidus Procedure

      • The Miniarthrotomy Technique for Ankle Arthrodesis

      • The Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus Correction

      • The SCARF Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus Correction

      • The STAR Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Tibial Sesamoidectomy

      • Tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis for AVN of the talus using external fixation

      • Tibiofibular Syndesmosis

      • Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis Using An Intramedullary Rod

      • Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis with a Posterior Blade Plate

      • TNK Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Topez Total Ankle System Total Ankle Arthroplasty

      • Total Ankle Arthroplasty Using the Mobility Prosthesis

      • Total Ankle Arthroplasty Using the Salto Prosthesis

      • Total Ankle Arthroplasty Using the TNK Implant

      • Total Ankle Replacement using the Topez Total Ankle System

      • Transection and Burial of Neuromas

      • Transection and Burial of Neuromas of the Foot and Ankle

      • Transfibular Approach Ankle Arthrodesis

      • Triple Arthrodesis

      • Turf Toe Injuries

      • Use of Large Femoral Head Allograft for Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis

      • Varus and Valgus Lesser Toe Deformity Correction

      • V-Y Advancement and FHL Transfer for the Chronic or Neglected Achilles Tendon Rupture – Panchbhavi

      • V-Y Advancement and FHL Transfer for the Chronic or Neglected Achilles Tendon Rupture – Raikin

      • Weil Lesser Metatarsal Shortening Osteotomy

    • Operative Techniques in Hand and Wrist
      • A-1 Pulley Release for Trigger Finger With and Without FDS Ulnar Slip Excision

      • Amputations in the Distal Upper Extremity

      • Anesthesia Utilized for Surgery of the Distal Upper Extremity

      • Anterior Transposition of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow

      • Arthroscopic and Open Primary Repair of Thumb MCP Joint Radial and Ulnar Collateral Ligament Disruptions

      • Arthroscopic and Open TFCC Repair

      • Arthroscopic Evaluation and Treatment of Scapholunate and Lunotriquetral Ligament Disruptions

      • Arthroscopic Reduction and Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

      • Arthroscopic Synovectomy and TFCC Debridement

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament Disruptions

      • Arthroscopy of the Hand and Wrist – Anatomy, Preparation and Techniques

      • Bone-Ligament-Bone Reconstruction of the Scapholunate Ligament

      • Bridge Plating of Severe Intra-articular Distal Radius Fractures

      • Capitate Shortening Osteotomy for Treatment of Kienbock’s Disease

      • Capsulodesis for Treatment of Scapholunate Instability

      • Complete Wrist Arthrodesis

      • Corrective Osteotomy for Extra-Articular Distal Radius Malunions

      • Corrective Osteotomy for Intra-Articular Distal Radius Malunions

      • Corrective Osteotomy for Metacarpal and Phalangeal Malunions

      • Corrective Osteotomy for Radius and Ulna Diaphyseal Malunions

      • Decompression of Pronator and Anterior Interosseous Syndromes

      • Decompression of the Ulnar Nerve at Guyon’s Canal

      • Delayed Reconstruction of Distal Biceps Tendon Disruptions

      • DIP, PIP and MCP Joint Arthrodesis

      • Dorsal Block Pinning of PIP Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Dorsal Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

      • Dynamic External Fixation of PIP Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release

      • Excision and Coverage of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Melanoma of the Hand

      • Extensor Tendon Centralization Following Traumatic Subluxation at the MCP Joint

      • Extra-Articular DRUJ Tenodesis

      • First Extensor Compartment Release and Reconstruction for DeQuervain’s Tendonitis

      • Flexor and Extensor Tenosynovectomy

      • Fragment-Specific Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

      • Hui-Linscheid Reconstruction of the Ulnocarpal Joint

      • In Situ Decompression of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow

      • Intra-articular Radioulnar Ligament Reconstruction

      • Intrafocal Intramedullary Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures

      • K-Wire Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures With and Without External Fixation

      • Limited Wrist Arthrodesis

      • Lunotriquetral Ligament Repair and Augmentation

      • MCP Joint Resection and Interposition Arthroplasty

      • MCP Joint Synovectomy and Extensor Tendon Centralization in the Inflammatory Arthritis Patient

      • Medial Epicondylectomy for Treatment of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

      • Modified Herbert Reconstruction of the Ulnocarpal Joint

      • Nail Matrix Repair, Reconstruction and Ablation

      • One Incision Technique for the Treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Disruptions

      • Open and Arthroscopic Excision of Ganglion Cysts and Related Tumors

      • Open and Arthroscopic Radial Styloidectomy

      • Open and Arthroscopic Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis

      • Open and Arthroscopic Wafer Resection of the Distal Ulna

      • Open Carpal Tunnel Release

      • Open Reduction and Fixation of Phalangeal Condylar Fractures

      • Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Diaphyseal Forearm Fractures

      • Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Scaphoid Fractures

      • Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ulnar Styloid, Head and Metadiaphyseal Fractures

      • Open Reduction and Stabilization of Thumb CMC Joint Dislocations

      • Open Reduction Internal Fixation of PIP Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Open Reduction of Complex Finger MCP Joint Dislocations

      • Open Reduction of Complex Thumb MCP Joint Dislocations

      • Open Treatment of Medial Epicondylitis

      • Operative Reconstruction of Post-Traumatic Boutonnière and Swan Neck Deformities

      • Operative Treatment of DIP Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Operative Treatment of Extra-articular and Intra-articular Metacarpal Fractures

      • Operative Treatment of Extra-articular Phalangeal Fractures

      • Operative Treatment of Finger CMC Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Operative Treatment of Lesser and Greater Arc Injuries

      • Operative Treatment of Radius and Ulna Diaphyseal Nonunions

      • Operative Treatment of Thumb CMC Joint Fractures

      • Osteocartilagenous Autograft Reconstruction of PIP Joint Fracture Dislocations

      • Osteotomy of the Radius for Treatment of Kienbock’s Disease

      • Partial Scaphoid Excision for Scaphoid Nonunion

      • Pediatric Hand and Wrist Fractures

      • Percutaneous Fixation of Acute Scaphoid Fractures

      • Percutaneous Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunions

      • PIP and MCP Joint Non-Silicone Implant Arthroplasty

      • PIP and MCP Joint Silicone Implant Arthroplasty

      • Primary Repair and Nerve Grafting Following Complete Nerve Transection in the Hand, Wrist and Forearm

      • Primary Repair of Finger MCP Joint Collateral Ligament Disruptions

      • Proximal Row Carpectomy

      • Radial Nerve Decompression

      • Realease of Post-Traumatic MCP and PIP Joint Contractures

      • Reconstruction of Chronic Radial and Ulnar Instability of the Thumb MCP Joint

      • Reconstruction of Chronic Volar Instability of the Thumb MCP Joint

      • Reduction and Stabilization of the DRUJ Following Galeazzi Fractures

      • Repair Following Traumatic Extensor Tendon Disruption and in the Hand, Wrist, and Forearm

      • Repair of Acute Flexor Tendon Disruptions

      • Resection Arthroplasty of the DRUJ

      • Revascularization and Replantation of the Digits

      • Revision Carpal Tunnel Release

      • Rotational and Pedicle Flaps for Coverage of Distal Upper Extremity Injuries

      • Scapholunate Ligament Repair and Augmentation

      • Skin Grafts and Skin Graft Substitutes in the Distal Upper Extremity (Excluding Fingertip Injuries)

      • Soft Tissue Coverage of Fingertip Amputations

      • Staged Flexor Tendon Reconstruction

      • Surgical Decompression of the Forearm, Hand and Digits for Compartment Syndrome

      • Surgical Treatment for ECU Subluxation

      • Surgical Treatment of Acute and Chronic Paronychia and Felons

      • Surgical Treatment of Carpal Bone Fractures Excluding the Scaphoid

      • Surgical Treatment of Closed Space Infections in the Hand

      • Surgical Treatment of Dupuytren’s Contracture

      • Surgical Treatment of Enchondroma, Bone Cyst and Giant Cell Tumor in the Distal Upper Extremity

      • Surgical Treatment of Injection Injuries in the Hand

      • Surgical Treatment of Nerve Injuries in Continuity

      • Surgical Treatment of Nerve Tumors in the Distal Upper Extremity

      • Surgical Treatment of Septic Arthritis in the Hand and Wrist

      • Surgical Treatment of Thermal and Electrical Injury and Contracture Involving the Distal Upper Extremity

      • Surgical Treatment of Vascular Tumors in the Hand

      • Surgical Treatment of Vasoocclusive Disease of the Hand

      • Surgical Treatment of Vasospastic Disease of the Hand

      • Surgical Treatment Rheumatoid Boutonnière and Swan Neck Deformities

      • Tendon Transfer and Grafting for Traumatic Extensor Tendon Disruption

      • Tendon Transfers for Median Nerve Palsy

      • Tendon Transfers for Radial Nerve Palsy

      • Tendon Transfers for Ulnar Nerve Palsy

      • Tendon Transfers Used for Treatment of Rheumatoid Disorders

      • Tenodesis for Treatment of Lunotriquetral Instability

      • Tenodesis for Treatment of Scapholunate Instability

      • Tenolysis Following Injury and Repair of Flexor Tendons

      • The RASL Procedure for Scapholunate Instability

      • The Sauve-Kapandji Procedure for DRUJ Arthritis

      • Thumb CMC Joint Arthrodesis

      • Thumb CMC Joint Implant and Resurfacing Arthroplasty

      • Thumb CMC Joint Resection Arthroplasty

      • Thumb Metacarpal Extension Osteotomy

      • Two Incision Technique for the Treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Disruptions

      • Ulnar Head Implant Arthroplasty

      • Ulna Shortening Osteotomy

      • Vascularized Bone Grafting for Avascular Scaphoid Nonunions

      • Vascularized Bone Grafting for Treatment of Kienbock’s Disease

      • Volar Ligament Stabilization of the Unstable Thumb CMC Joint

      • Volar Plate Arthroplasty

      • Volar Plating of Distal Radius Fractures

      • Volar Wedge Bone Grafting and Internal Fixation of Scaphoid Nonunions

      • Wrist Dennervation

      • Wrist Implant Arthroplasty

    • Operative Techniques in Hip and Knee
      • Allograft Reconstruction of Extensor Mechanism Disruption after TKA

      • Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty

      • Direct Anterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Direct Lateral Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • FAI Surgery – Anterior Approach

      • Femoral Osteotomy

      • Hip Arthrodesis

      • Hip Hemiarthoplasty

      • Hip Reimplantation Surgery

      • Hip Resurfacing

      • Knee Fusion

      • Pelvic Osteotomy (PAO)

      • Preparing High-Dose Antibiotic-Loaded Bone Cement

      • Resection Arthroplasty and Spacer Insertion

      • Revision THA with Acetabular Bone Loss – Impaction Allografting

      • Revision THA with Femoral Bone Loss – Fluted Stems

      • Revision THA with Femoral Bone Loss – Impaction Allografting

      • Revision THA with Femoral Bone Loss – Proximal Femoral Replacement

      • Revision THA with Pelvic Discontinuity

      • Revision THA with Well-fixed Components

      • Revision TKA – Stiffness

      • Revision TKA with Extensile Exposure – Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy

      • Revision TKA with Extensile Exposure – V-Y Quadroplasty

      • Revision TKA with Extensor Mechanism Repair

      • Revision TKA with Femoral Bone Loss – Augments

      • Revision TKA with Femoral Bone Loss – Distal Femoral Replacement

      • Revision TKA with Removal of Well-fixed Components

      • Revision TKA with Tibial Bone Loss – Augments

      • Revision TKA with Tibial Bone Loss – Bone Grafting

      • Surgical Dislocation (Femoroacetabular Impingement)

      • THA after Hip Fusion

      • Total Hip Arthoplasty in Patients with Severe Deformities

      • Total Hip Arthroplasty for Malignant Lesions

      • Total Knee Arthroplasty Using a Hybrid Navigation Technique

      • Uncemented Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Unicondylar Knee Arthroplasty

      • Upper Tibial Osteotomy

    • Operative Techniques in Pediatrics
      • ACL in open physes

      • Adductor and iliopsoas release

      • Anterior approach open reduction developmentally dislocated hip

      • Anterior drainage of the septic hip

      • Anterior interbody arthrodesis with instrumentation for scoliosis

      • Anterior tibialis transfer for residual clubfoot deformity

      • Bernese periacetabular osteotomy

      • Boyd amputation with osteotomy of the tibia for fibular deficiency

      • Butler procedure for overlapping fifth toe

      • Calcaneal lengthening osteotomy for the treatment of hindfoot valgus deformity

      • Chiari medial displacement osteotomy of the pelvis

      • Closed, percutaneous, and open reduction of radial head and neck fractures

      • Closed reduction and external fixation of femoral shaft fractures

      • Closed Reduction and Percutaneous Pinning of Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus

      • Closed reduction and spica cast application for the treatment of femoral shaft fracture

      • Correction of thumb-in-palm deformity in cerebral palsy

      • Crouched gait–distal femoral osteotomy

      • Decompression, posterolateral and interbody fusion for high-grade spondylolisthesis

      • Distal hamstring lengthening (possible posterior capsulotomy)

      • Drilling of OCD–anterograde and retrograde

      • Dual growing rod instrumentation for early onset scoliosis

      • Elbow arthroscopy for Panner’s and OCD

      • Excision of physeal bar

      • Excision of talocalcaneal coalition

      • Flexible intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures

      • Flexion intertrochanteric osteotomy for slipped capital femoral epiphysis

      • Grice extra-articular subtalar arthrodesis

      • Growth modulation to correct limb deformity

      • Hemivertebra excision

      • Innominate osteotomy of Salter

      • Intramedullary fixation of forearm fractures

      • Kyphectomy in spina bifida

      • Lengthening of gastrocnemius fascia

      • Limb lengthing by monoplanar fixator

      • Limb lengthing by the Ilizarov method

      • Medial approach for open reduction of a developmentally dislocated hip

      • Meniscoplasty for discoid lateral meniscus

      • Metazeau and joystick techniques for radial head fractures

      • MHE forearm osteotomy

      • Open lengthening of Achilles tendon

      • Open reduction of supracondylar fractures of the humerus

      • Operative management of Distal Femoral Physeal Fractures

      • Operative management of patellar instabililty in children

      • Operative Management of Pediatric Ankle Fractures

      • Operative Management of Pediatric Forearm and Monteggia Fractures

      • Operative Management of Pediatric Hip Fractures

      • Operative Management of Pediatric Shoulder Fractures

      • Operative Management of Pediatric Tibia Fractures

      • ORIF and arthroscopic assisted tibial spine fracture treatment

      • ORIF of displaced lateral condyle fracture of the humerus

      • ORIF of fractures of the medial epicondyle

      • ORIF of tibial tubercle fracture

      • Osteotomy of the distal tibia – Wiltse technique

      • Percutaneous distal femoral and proximal tibial epiphyseodesis

      • Percutaneous in situ cannulated screw fixation of the slipped capital femoral epiphysis

      • Pericapsular iliac osteotomy of Pemberton

      • Pericapsular pelvic osteotomy of Dega

      • Peroneal Nerve Decompression for Deformity Correction and Limb Lengthening

      • Ponsetti casting

      • Posterior cervical arthrodeses Occ-C1 and C1-2

      • Posterior exposure of the thoracic and lumbar spine

      • Posterolateral arthrodesis for spondylolisthesis

      • Proximal femoral osteotomy in infants using the Altdorf hip clamp

      • Proximal femoral rotational osteotomy

      • Proximal femoral varus osteotomy in children using a 90-degree blade plate

      • Proximal hamstring tenotomy

      • Proximal patellar realignment (Insall technique)

      • Radial clubhand reconstruction

      • Rectus femoris transfer

      • Release of congenital trigger thumb

      • Release of simple syndactyly

      • Release of sternocleidomastoid muscle

      • Repair of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia with Williams rods

      • Resection of calcaneonavicular coalition

      • Sacral screw fixation to the sacrum

      • Screw epiphyseodesis for ankle valgus

      • Segmental hook and pedicle screw instrumentation for scoliosis

      • Shelf arthroplasty

      • Sofield osteotomy with intramedullary fixation

      • Split posterior tibial tendon transfer

      • S-Rod Fixation of the Pelvis

      • Submuscular plating of femoral shaft fractures

      • Supracondylar humeral osteotomy for correction of cubitus varus

      • Surgical correction of adolescent bunion

      • Surgical correction of clubfoot

      • Surgical dislocation of the hip

      • Surgical management of Blounts disease

      • Surgical repair of irreducible congenital dislocation of the knee

      • Surgical treatement of the cavus foot

      • Syme amputation

      • Thoracoscopic release and fusion for scoliosis

      • Transfer of flexor carpi ulnaris for wrist flexion deformity

      • Treatment of benign bone cysts

      • Treatment of proximal focal femoral deficiency

      • Triple innominate osteotomy

      • Unit rod instrumentation for neuromuscular scoliosis

      • Valgus osteotomy for development coxa vara

      • Valgus osteotomy for Perthes disease

      • VEPTR implantation for scoliosis with fused ribs

      • Woodward repair of Sprengel Deformity

    • Operative Techniques in Shoulder and Elbow
      • Acromioplasty

      • Acute Repair and Reconstruction of Sternoclavicular Dislocation

      • Bankart Repair and Inferior Capsular Shift

      • Biceps Tenodesis

      • Distal Clavicle Excision

      • Distal Humerus Fractures – ORIF Capitellum and Capitellar-Trochlear Shear Fractures

      • Distal Humerus Fractures – ORIF of Condylar Fractures

      • Distal Humerus Fractures – ORIF of Intercondylar Fractures

      • Distal Humerus Fractures – ORIF of Supracondylar Fractures

      • Eden-Lange Procedure For Trapezius Palsy

      • Elbow Arthrodesis

      • Extrinsic Contracture Release – Lateral Column Procedure

      • Extrinsic Contracture Release – Medial Over-the-Top Approach

      • Glenohumeral Arthrodesis

      • Glenoid Bone Graft for Instability with Bone Loss

      • Hemiarthroplasty and Biologic Glenoid Resurfacing for Glenohumeral Arthritis with an Intact Rotator Cuff

      • Hemiarthroplasty and Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Glenohumeral Arthritis with an Irreparable Rotator Cuff

      • Hemiarthroplasty for Glenohumeral Arthritis with an Intact Rotator Cuff

      • Hemiarthroplasty for Proximal Humerus Fracture

      • Intramedullary Fixation of Clavicle fractures

      • Intramedullary Fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures

      • Intramedullary fixation of Proximal Humerus Fractures

      • Latarjet Procedure for Instability with Bone Loss

      • Lateral Collateral Ligament Reconstruction – Split Anconeus Fascia Transfer

      • Latissimus Transfer for Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tear

      • Management of Glenohumeral Instability with Humeral Bone Loss

      • Management of Simple Elbow Dislocation

      • Medial Clavicle Excision

      • Nerve Transfer for Restoration of Elbow Flexion in Upper Brachial Plexus Injuries

      • ORIF Coronoid Fractures and Complex Instability

      • ORIF of Monteggia Fracture Dislocation

      • ORIF of Nonarticular Scapular Fractures

      • ORIF of Proximal Humerus Fractures

      • ORIF of Radial Head and Neck Fractures

      • ORIF Olecranon Fractures

      • Partial Scapulectomy for Snapping Scapula Syndrome

      • Pectoralis Major Repair

      • Pectoralis Major Transfer for Irreparable Subscapularis Tear

      • Percutaneous Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fractures

      • Plate Fixation of Clavicle Fractures

      • Plate Fixation of Humeral Shaft Fractures

      • Posterior Labral Repair and Capsular Shift

      • Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff repair

      • Radial Head Replacement

      • Scapulothoracic Arthrodesis

      • Split Pectoralis Major Transfer for Long Thoracic Palsy

      • Subscapularis Repair and Coracoid Recession

      • Suprascapular Nerve Decompression

      • TEA for Distal Humerus Fracture

      • TEA for Osteoarthritis

      • TEA for Posttraumatic Conditions of the Elbow

      • TEA for Rheumatoid Arthritis

      • Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Glenohumeral Arthritis with an Intact Rotator Cuff

      • Ulnohumeral Arthroplasty (Outerbridge-Kashiwagi)

    • Operative Techniques in Spine
      • Anterior Cervical Corpectomy

      • Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion

      • Anterior Lumbar Corpectomy

      • Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion

      • C1-C2 Posterior Fusion and Fixation

      • Cervical Laminectomy and Fusion

      • Cervical Laminoforaminotomy

      • Cervical Laminoplasty

      • Costotransversectomy

      • Iliac Crest Bone Grafting

      • Lumbar Laminectomy

      • Lumbar Microdiscectomy

      • Occipitocervical Fusion

      • Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy

      • Posterior Thoracolumbar Fusion with Instrumentation

      • Smith-Petersen Osteotomy

      • Thoracic Corpectomy

      • Thoracic Discectomy

      • Transforaminal and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF and PLIF)

    • Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine
      • Acute Repair for AC Injuries

      • Allograft Cartilage Transplantation

      • Anatomic Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

      • Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

      • Arthroscopic Capsular Releases for Loss of Motion

      • Arthroscopic Debridement for Elbow DJD

      • Arthroscopic Debridement Glenoidplasty for Shoulder DJD

      • Arthroscopic Lateral Release of the Knee

      • Arthroscopic Meniscal Repair

      • Arthroscopic Release Decompression Nerve Entrapment

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Anterior Shoulder Instability

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Biceps Injuries

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Chondral injuries OCD

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Elbow Loss of Motion

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Epicondylitis

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Impingement and AC Pathology

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Impingement Valgus Extension Overload

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Multidirectional Instability

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Osteochondritis Dissecans and Avascular Necrosis

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Posterior Shoulder Instability

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Scapulothoracic Disorders

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Subscapularis Tears (including coracoid impingement)

      • Arthroscopic Treatment of Superior Labral (SLAP) Tears

      • Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement

      • Arthroscopy for Soft Tissue Pathology

      • Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation

      • Chronic Reconstruction for AC Injuries

      • Distal Realignment for Patellar Dislocation

      • Elbow Arthroscopy – The Basics

      • Hip Arthroscopy – The Basics

      • Knee Arthroscopy – the Basics

      • Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Reconstruction of the Knee (acute and chronic)

      • Meniscal Repair

      • Meniscal Transplant

      • Meniscectomy

      • Microfracture Chondroplasty

      • Operative Management of Athletic Pubalgia

      • Operative Management of Exertional Compartment Syndrome

      • Operative Management of Muscle Injury and Nerve Entrapment of the Hip

      • Operative Management of the Snapping Hip

      • Osteochondral “Plug” Transfer

      • Patella Tendon Repair (acute and chronic)

      • Pediatric ACL Reconstruction (Avulsion and Midsubstance)

      • Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Reconstruction

      • Posterolateral Corner (PLC) Reconstruction (acute and chronic)

      • Proximal Realignment MPFL (acute and chronic)

      • Quadriceps Tendon Repair (acute and chronic)

      • Reconstruction of Multiple Ligament Injuries of the Knee

      • Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction

      • Shoulder Arthroscopy – The Basics

      • Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction

      • Synovectomy

      • The Disabled Throwing Shoulder

    • Operative Techniques in Trauma
      • Anterograde IM Nailing of the Femur

      • External Fixation of the Pelvis

      • External Fixation of the Tibia

      • Fasciotomy of the Leg

      • IM Nailing of the Peritrochanteric Hip Fracture

      • IM Nailing of the Tibia

      • ORIF of Jones Fracture

      • ORIF of Lisfranc Injury

      • ORIF of Peritrochanteric Femur Fracture

      • ORIF of the Ankle

      • ORIF of the Bicondylar Plateau

      • ORIF of the Calcaneus

      • ORIF of the Distal Femur

      • ORIF of the Femoral Head

      • ORIF of the Lateral Plateau

      • ORIF of the Patella

      • ORIF of the Pilon

      • ORIF of the Posterior Wall of the Acetabulum

      • ORIF of the SI Joint and Sacrum

      • ORIF of the Symphysis

      • ORIF of the Talus

      • Retrograde IM Nailing of the Femur

      • Surgical Management of Femoral Neck Fractures

    • Operative Techniques in Tumor
      • Above-elbow amputations

      • Above-knee amputation

      • Adductor muscle group (medial thigh) resection

      • Anterior flap hemipelvectomy

      • Axillary space exploration and resections

      • Below-elbow amputations

      • Below-knee amputation

      • Biceps and bracialis muscle group resection

      • Biopsy of musculoskeletal tumors – principles and techniques

      • Buttockectomy

      • Chopart amputation

      • Curettage and cryosurgery benign and aggressive bone tumors

      • Curettage and cryosurgery for benign and aggressive bone tumors

      • Distal femur resections – extra-articular resection with a mobile knee

      • Distal humeral resections with endoprosthetic replacement

      • Expandable prostheses

      • Fibular resections

      • Forequarter amputation

      • Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle group resections

      • Hamstring muscle group (posterior thigh) resection

      • Hip disarticulation

      • Lisfranc amputation

      • Management of metastatic bone disease of other sites

      • Management of metastatic bone disease of the femur

      • Management of metastatic bone disease of the hip

      • Management of metastatic bone disease of the humerus

      • Management of metastatic bone disease of the pelvis

      • Pelvic resections

      • Periacetabular resections and saddle prosthesis

      • Popliteal space exploration and resections

      • Posterior flap hemipelvectomy

      • Primary and malignant tumors of the spine

      • Proximal and total femur resections with endoprosthetic replacement

      • Proximal humeral resection with allograft prosthetic composite

      • Proximal humeral resection with endoprosthetic replacement, intra-articular and extra-articular resections

      • Proximal tibia resections with endoprosthetic replacement

      • Quadriceps resection (anterior thigh) and muscle transfers

      • Ray resections

      • Scapulectomy and its variants

      • The use of allografts for reconstruction of segmental bone defects and use of segmental prosthesis

      • The use of microvascularized fibulas for reconstruction of segmental bone defects

      • Tibia allograft resection fusion of distal tibia

      • Total scapular resections with endoprosthetic reconstruction

      • Triceps muscle group resection

    • ACL Reconstruction with Bone Patellar Tendon Bone Autograft – Technique

    • Computerized fluoroscopic-based navigation-assisted intramedually nailing

    • Computerized navigation

    • Gastrocnemius Rotation Flap – Technique

    • Palmaris longus graft harvest

    • Total Elbow Arthroplasty – Technique

  • Pain Management
    • Antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs

    • Back pain and sciatica

    • Fibromyalgia syndrome

    • Interventional approaches to acute pain

    • Interventional approaches to chronic pain

    • Long acting bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension
      • Infiltration Technique – Partial Knee Arthroplasty

      • Infiltration Technique – Total Hip Arthroplasty with Anterior Approach

      • Live Surgery – Oxford Partial Knee Arthroplasty

      • Live Surgery – Total Hip Arthroplasty with Anterior Approach

    • Myofascial pain syndrome

    • Neuropathic pain

    • Nonpharmacologic approaches to pain management

    • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

    • Novel drug therapies for pain

    • Opioids

    • Pain assessment

    • Pathophysiology of pain

    • Pharmacotherapy of pain

  • Physical Examination
    • Physical Examination of the Elbow
      • Elbow Physical Exam Tests
        • Elbow extention

        • Elbow flexion

        • Forearm pronation

        • Forearm supination

      • Elbow Range of Motion

      • Elbow Surface Anatomy
        • Biceps in the antecubital fossa Surface Anatomy

        • Lateral epicondyle of humerus Surface Anatomy

        • medial epicondyle of humerus Surface Anatomy

        • Olecranon bursa Surface Anatomy

        • Radial humeral joint Surface Anatomy

        • Radial tunnel Surface Anatomy

        • Triceps insertion Surface Anatomy

    • Physical Examination of the Foot and Ankle
      • Foot and Ankle Range of Motion
        • Ankle Dorsiflexion Passive

        • Ankle plantar flexion Passive

        • First interphalangeal joint passive range of motion

        • First metatarsophalangeal joint passive range of motion

        • Forefoot abduction and adduction Passive

        • Lesser toe joints passive range of motion

        • Subtalar Joint Passive Range of Motion

        • Tibio-talar joint Passive

      • Foot and Ankle Surface Anatomy
        • Anterior talofibular ligament Surface Anatomy

        • Calcaneo fibular ligament Surface Anatomy

        • Deltoid ligament Surface Anatomy

        • Sesamoid bones Surface Anatomy

        • Tarsal Navicular Surface Anatomy

        • The Achilles tendon Surface Anatomy

        • The base of the fifth metatarsal Surface Anatomy

        • The calcaneal tuberosity Surface Anatomy

        • The dorsalis pedis artery Surface Anatomy

        • The extensor digitorum longus Surface Anatomy

        • The extensor hallucis longus Surface Anatomy

        • The first metatarsal head Surface Anatomy

        • The first metatarsophalangeal joint Surface Anatomy

        • The interphalangeal joints Surface Anatomy

        • The lateral malleolus Surface Anatomy

        • The lesser metatarsal heads Surface Anatomy

        • The lesser metatarsal phalangeal joints Surface Anatomy

        • The lesser toes Surface Anatomy

        • The medial longitudinal arch Surface Anatomy

        • The medial malleolus Surface Anatomy

        • The nail fold (including the lunula) Surface Anatomy

        • The plantar fat pad Surface Anatomy

        • The retrocalcaneal bursa Surface Anatomy

        • The sinus tarsi Surface Anatomy

        • The syndesmosis Surface Anatomy

        • The Tarsal Tunnel Surface Anatomy

        • The tarsometatarsal joint Surface Anatomy

        • The tibialis anterior Surface Anatomy

        • The tibiotalar joint Surface Anatomy

        • The toenail Surface Anatomy

      • Foot and Ankle Physical Exam Tests
        • Active ankle eversion

        • Active ankle inversion

        • Ankle anterior drawer

        • Ankle plantar flexion

        • Coleman lateral block test

        • Dorsiflexion of the ankle

        • Dorsiflexion of the great toe (active)

        • Single-heel rise test

        • Thompson test

    • Physical Examination of the Hand and Wrist
      • Hand and Wrist Physical Exam Tests
        • Finkelstein’s test

        • Watson test

      • Hand and Wrist Range of Motion

      • Hand and Wrist Surface Anatomy
        • Anatomic snuffbox Surface Anatomy

        • Radial styloid Surface Anatomy

    • Physical Examination of the Hip and Thigh
      • Hip and Thigh Physical Exam Tests
        • Alternative to Thomas test in bilateral FFD

        • Bryant’s triangle

        • Lasègue’s sign

        • Patrick’s test

        • Telescopy

        • Thomas test

        • Trendelenburg’s sign

        • Vascular sign of Narath

      • Hip and Thigh Range of Motion

      • Hip and Thigh Surface Anatomy
        • Greater Trochanter Surface Anatomy

    • Physical Examination of the Knee and Leg
      • Knee and Leg Physical Exam Tests
        • Anterior drawer test of the knee

        • Knee effusion test

        • Knee extension assessment

        • Knee flexion assessment

        • Lachman test of the knee

        • Pivot shift test of the knee

        • Posterior drawer test of the knee

        • Posterior sag test of the knee

        • Quadriceps active test

        • Valgus stress test of the knee

        • Varus stress test of the knee

      • Knee and Leg Range of Motion

      • Knee and Leg Surface Anatomy

    • Physical Examination of the Neck
      • Neck Physical Exam Tests
        • Active range of motion of the neck

        • Biceps Tendon Reflex (C5)

        • Brachioradialis Reflex (C6)

        • C-5 Motor–Biceps

        • C-5 Motor–Deltoid Muscle

        • C-6 Motor–Radial Wrist Extensors

        • C-7 Motor–Flexor Carpi Radialis

        • C-7 Motor–Triceps

        • C-8 Motor–Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

        • Cervical Neck Distaction Test

        • Cervical Radiculopathy Clinical Prediciton Rule

        • Cervical Spurling A test

        • Long Thoracic Nerve Motor

        • Spinal Accessory Nerve Motor

        • T-1 Motor–First Dorsal Interossei

        • Triceps Reflex (C7)

      • Neck Range of Motion
        • Neck extension Passive

        • Neck flexion Passive

        • Neck Lateral Bending Passive

        • Neck Rotation Passive

      • Neck Surface Anatomy
        • C-4 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • C-5 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • C-6 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • C-7 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • C-8 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • Cervical Spinous Processes Surface Anatomy

        • Hyoid Cartilage Surface Anatomy

        • Occipital Protuberance Surface Anatomy

        • Sternocleidomastoid Surface Anatomy

        • T-1 Sensory Dermatome Surface Anatomy

        • Trapezius Surface Anatomy

        • Vertebra prominens Surface Anatomy

        • Axial Compression Test

    • Physical Examination of the Peripheral Nerves
      • Peripheral Nerve Physical Exam Tests
        • Anterior interosseous nerve motor

        • Axillary nerve motor

        • Median Nerve Motor

        • Musculocutaneous nerve motor

        • Posterior interosseous nerve motor

        • Radial nerve motor

        • Ulnar nerve motor

      • Peripheral Nerve Surface Anatomy

    • Physical Examination of the Shoulder
      • Shoulder Range of Motion
        • Gleno-humeral joint Passive

      • Shoulder Surface Anatomy

      • Shoulder Pain Differential Diagnosis

      • Shoulder Physical Exam Tests
        • Shoulder abduction assessment

        • Shoulder deltoid assessment

        • Shoulder elevation assessment

        • Shoulder external rotation assessment

        • Shoulder internal rotation assessment

        • Shoulder posterior cuff assessment

        • Shoulder posterior tightness assessment

        • Shoulder scapular stabilizers assessment

        • Shoulder supraspinatus assessment

    • Physical Examination of the Spine and Pelvis
      • Spine and Pelvis Physical Exam Tests
        • L-1 Motor

        • L-2 Motor

        • L-3 Motor

        • L-4 Motor

        • L-5 Motor

        • S-1 Motor

        • L5 Motor Additional Tests

        • Knee extension (L-4 Motor)

        • Patellar reflex (L-4 Motor)

        • Rise from Squat (L-4 Motor)

      • Spine and Pelvis Range of Motion

      • Spine and Pelvis Surface Anatomy

    • Special Features of the Pediatric Examination
      • Barlow test

      • Ortolani’s sign

    • Wigns

  • Pharmacology

  • Radiology
    • Radiographic Anatomy of the Skeleton
      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Ankle

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Cervical Spine

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Elbow

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Foot

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Forearm

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Hand

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Hip

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Knee

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Lower Leg

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Lumbar Spine

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Patella

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Pelvis

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Shoulder

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Adult Wrist

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Ankle

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Cervical Spine

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Elbow

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Foot

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Forearm

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Hand

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Hip

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Knee

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Lower Leg

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Lumbar Spine

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Pelvis

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Shoulder

      • Radiographic Anatomy of Pediatric Wrist

    • Signs in Musculoskeletal Radiology
      • Absent Bow Tie Sign

      • Anteater Nose

      • Anterior Drawer Sign

      • Bamboo Spine

      • Bite Sign

      • Blade of Grass Sign

      • Blister of Bone

      • Bone Bruise Sign

      • Bone-in-Bone Sign

      • Boutonniere Deformity

      • Bow-Tie Sign

      • Brim Sign

      • Button Sequestrum

      • Cockade Image

      • Cortical Ring Sign

      • Cotton Wool Sign

      • Crescent Sign

      • Crowded Carpal Sign

      • C Sign

      • Cupids Bow Contour

      • Dagger Sign

      • Deep Lateral Femoral Notch Sign

      • Double PCL Sign

      • Drooping Shoulder Sign

      • Elbow Fat Pad Sign

      • Fallen Fragment Sign

      • FBI Sign

      • Fish Vertebra

      • Fluid-Fluid Level

      • Fragment-in-Notch Sign

      • Hair-on-End Sign

      • Half Moon Sign

      • Heel Pad Sign

      • Hill-Sachs Sign

      • H-Shaped Vertebra

      • Incomplete Ring Sign

      • Intravertebral Vacuum Cleft Sign

      • Inverted Napoleon Hat Sign

      • Ivory Phalanx Sign

      • Ivory Vertebra Sign

      • Lateral Capsular Sign

      • Medial Capsular Sign

      • Metacarpal Sign

      • Pedestal Sign

      • Pneumoarthrogram Sign

      • Pronator Sign

      • Reverse Hill-Sachs Lesion

      • Rim Sign

      • Rugger Jersey Sign

      • Sail Sign

      • Sausage Digit

      • Scotty Dog Sign

      • Segond Fracture

      • Step-Off Vertebral Body Sign

      • Swan Neck Deformity Sign

      • Teardrop Sign

      • Terry Thomas Sign

      • Tooth Sign

      • Trolley-track Sign

      • Trough Line

      • Tumbling Bullet Sign

      • Vacuum Phenomenon

  • Rehabilitation
    • New Technology

    • New Technology for Rehabilitation Therapy
      • Body Supported Treadmill Training can be Precise and Reproducible When Lower-Body Support is Provided by Positive Air Pressure

    • Physical Therapy

    • Physical Therapy for Osteoarthritis

    • Physical Therapy in the Overhead Athlete

    • Physical Therapy Modalities

    • Physical Therapy of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine

    • Physical Therapy of the Elbow

    • Physical Therapy of the Foot and Ankle
      • Physical Therapy for Achilles Tendinopathy

      • Physical therapy for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction

    • Physical Therapy of the Hand

    • Physical Therapy of the Hip

    • Physical Therapy of the Knee
      • Physical therapy for patellofemoral pain syndrome

    • Physical Therapy of the Lumbar Spine, Pelvis, and Sacrioiliac Regions

    • Physical Therapy of the Shoulder
      • Physical therapy for adhesive capsulitis

      • Physical therapy for disorders of the rotator cuff

    • Physical Therapy of the Wrist

    • Post-operative rehabilitation protocols
      • Proximal Realignment Rehabilitative Protocol

      • Rotator Cuff Repair Rehabilitative Protocol
        • Rotator Cuff Repair Protocol – Massive

        • Rotator Cuff Repair Protocol – Medium to Large

        • Rotator Cuff Repair Protocol – Small

      • Subacromial Decompression Rehabilitative Protocol

      • Total Knee Arthroplasty Post-operative Rehabilitiation
        • Total Knee Arthroplasy Protocol (Shawn Maloney)

    • Therapeutic exercise
      • Therapeutic exercise for the shoulder

  • Rheumatology
    • Adult-onset Still’s disease

    • Ankylosing spondylitis

    • Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides

    • Antiphospholipid syndrome

    • Behcet’s disease

    • Bone and joint dysplasias

    • Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition (CPDD) disease

    • Churg-Strauss syndrome

    • Cogan’s syndrome

    • Complex regional pain syndrome

    • Dermatologic disorders

    • Erythema elevatum diutinum

    • Fungal arthritis

    • Giant cell arteritis

    • Gout

    • Hematologic and malignant disorders

    • Heritable disorders of connective tissue

    • Hyperlipoproteinemia and arthritis

    • Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy

    • Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies

    • Immune complex-mediated vasculitis

    • Infectious disorders

    • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

    • Kawasaki’s disease

    • Less common arthropathies

    • Lyme disease

    • Metabolic myopathies

    • Microscopic polyangiitis

    • Miscellaneous vasculitis

    • Mycobacterial arthritis

    • Neoplasms of the joint

    • Neuropathic arthropathy

    • Osteoporosis

    • Paget’s disease of bone

    • Parasitic arthritis

    • Periodic syndromes

    • Polyarteritis nodosa

    • Polymyalgia rheumatica

    • Primary angiitis of the central nervous system

    • Psoriatic arthritis

    • Reactive and enteropathic arthritis

    • Relapsing polychondritis

    • Rheumatic disease and endocrinopathies

    • Rheumatic fever

    • Rheumatoid arthritis

    • Sarcoidosis

    • Sjogren’s syndrome

    • Storage and deposition diseases

    • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

    • Systemic sclerosis

    • Takayasu’s arteritis

    • The amyloidoses

    • Vasculitides

    • Viral arthritis

    • Wegener’s granulomatosis

  • Surgical Approaches
    • Anterior approach to the ankle

    • Anterior approach to the cervical spine

    • Anterior approach to the cubital fossa

    • Anterior approach to the hip

    • Anterior approach to the humerus

    • Anterior approach to tibia

    • Anterior iliac crest

    • Anterolateral approach to ankle and tarsus

    • Anterolateral approach to the elbow

    • Anterolateral approach to the hip

    • Anterolateral approach to tibia

    • Anteromedial approach to medial malleolus

    • Anteromedial approach to the femur

    • Approach to IP joint of the toes

    • Approach to MTP joint of lesser toes

    • Common Orthopaedic Surgical Approaches

    • Deltoid splitting approach

    • Deltopectoral approach

    • Dorsal approach to the radius

    • Dorsal approach to the scaphoid

    • Dorsal approach to the wrist

    • Dorsomedial approach to MTP joint of great toe

    • Extended iliofemoral approach to the acetabulum

    • Ilioinguinal approach to the acetabulum

    • Kocher approach to the calcaneus

    • Kochler lateral approach to ankle

    • Lateral approach to distal femur

    • Lateral approach to fibula

    • Lateral approach to lateral malleolus

    • Lateral approach to the calcaneus

    • Lateral approach to the femur

    • Lateral approach to the hip

    • Lateral approach to the knee

    • Medial approach to MTP joint of great toe

    • Medial approach to the calcaneus

    • Medial approach to the elbow

    • Medial approach to the knee

    • Medial parapatellar approach to the knee

    • Olliers lateral approach to the hindfoot

    • Pfannenstiel approach

    • Posterior approach to knee

    • Posterior approach to the acetabulum

    • Posterior approach to the ankle

    • Posterior approach to the cervical spine

    • Posterior approach to the elbow

    • Posterior approach to the femur

    • Posterior approach to the hip

    • Posterior approach to the knee

    • Posterior approach to the lumbar spine

    • Posterior iliac crest

    • Posterolateral approach to the ankle

    • Posterolateral approach to the elbow

    • Posterolateral approach to the femur

    • Posterolateral approach to tibia

    • Posteromedial approach to medial malleolus

    • Retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine

    • Stoppa approach

    • Subcutaneous approach to the ulnar shaft

    • Surgical approaches in a nutshell

    • U approach to the calcaneus

    • Universal approach to distal femur

    • Volar approach to the radius

    • Volar approach to the scaphoid

    • Volar approach to the wrist

  • Bioethics
    • Bioethics Curricula – Introduction

    • Bioethics Curricula – Summary

    • Confidentiality

    • Conflict of Interest

    • Consent and Capacity

    • Disclosure

    • End of Life

    • Medical Ethics and CanMeds Principles

    • Research Ethics

    • Resource Allocation

    • Substitute Decision Making

    • Surgical Competence

    • Truth Telling

  • Economics and Health Policy

  • Epidemiology and Biostatistics
    • Basic statistical terminology

    • Confusing statistical terminology
      • Mean Median Mode Exercise

    • Epidemiology and biostatistics in clinical research
      • Case-control studies

      • Case reports and case series

      • Cohort studies

      • Cross-sectional studies

      • Diagnostic testing

      • Effect modification

      • General considerations in clinical research design

      • Hypothesis testing

      • Interpreting hypothesis testing

      • Introduction to confounding

      • Introduction to statistical inference

      • Linear regression

      • Measures of disease frequency

      • Methods to control for confounding

      • Misclassification

      • Non-linear regression

      • Randomized trials

      • Screening

      • Summary measures in statistics

      • Survival analysis

    • Introduction to epidemiology in health care
      • Age standardization

      • Analytical epidemiology in clinical epidemiology

      • Analytical epidemiology in genetic epidemiology

      • Analytical epidemiology in public health

      • Calculating confidence intervals

      • Causes of diseases

      • Confounding

      • Confounding and bias

      • Descriptive epidemiology in clinical epidemiology

      • Descriptive epidemiology in genetic epidemiology

      • Descriptive epidemiology in public health

      • Design options

      • Estimates of associations

      • Follow-up studies

      • Information bias

      • Making inference and making decisions

      • Measures of disease occurrence

      • P values

      • Selection bias

      • Sources of error in clinical epidemiology

      • Sources of error in genetic epidemiology

      • Sources of error in public health epidemiology

      • The case-control study

      • The cross-sectional study

      • The randomized controlled trial (RCT)

  • History of Orthopaedics
    • A Who’s Who of Orthopaedics
      • Alfred Washington Adson

      • Robert Adams

    • Digital Timeline

    • Tributes
      • FUNK – Obituary for F. James Funk, Jr, MD (1920–2008)

      • GOODFELLOW – Obituary for John W. Goodfellow, MS, FRCS (1926-2011)

      • JAHSS – Obituary for Melvin Jahss, MD (1921-2009)

      • JONES – Obituary for James Barrett Jones, MD (1924-2009)

      • McQUEEN – Obituary for David A. McQueen, MD (1947-2013)

      • MERCURI – Obituary for Mario A. Mercuri, MD (1950–2011)

      • ODÉN – Obituary for Robert R. Odén, MD (1922–2008)

      • OKEREKE – Friends of Enyi Okereke

      • PRITCHARD – Obituary for Douglas J. Pritchard, MD (1937–2011)

      • PURVIS – Obituary for George Dewey Purvis Jr., MD (1920–2011)

      • SALTER – Obituary for Robert B. Salter, MD (1924-2010)

      • TOWNLEY – Obituary for Charles O. Townley, MD (1916–2006)

      • VISE – Obituary for Guy T. Vise, Jr., MD (1939-2009)

  • Informatics
    • Directories of Orthopaedic Information

    • Electronic health records

    • Electronic Skills

    • Evidence Based Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Informatics

    • Integration of Orthopaedic Journals and the Internet

    • Mechanisms for Quality Assurance of Orthopaedic Webpages

    • Open Access Orthopaedics

    • Orthopaedic Registers and Databases

    • Orthopaedics on the Internet

    • Orthopaedic Subject Classification

    • Overview of Orthopaedic Informatics

    • Push Technology in Orthopaedics

    • Scope of Orthopaedic Informatics

  • Medicolegal
    • AAOS Standards of Professionalism

    • Bayh-Dole Act and Intellectual Property in Academia

    • Direct to Consumer Advertising

    • EMTALA

    • Expert Witnesses

    • FDA Device Approval

    • FDA Drug Approval

    • Informed Consent

    • Patents

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    • Torts

  • Mobile and Wireless
    • FDA Approval for Mobile Apps

    • HIPAA and Mobile Devices
      • HIPAA and Mobile Device

    • Multimedia Resources for Orthopaedic Surgeons

    • OITE and Board Review in a Digital World

    • Peer Review for Mobile Technology

    • Smart Phones in Orthopaedics

    • Social Networking for Orthopaedic Surgeons

    • Tablets in Orthopaedics

  • Practice Management
    • Computer Aided Diagnosis

    • Incorporating your practice

    • Choosing an office location

    • Designing your office

    • Which EMR should I choose

    • How to incorporate

    • Negotiating a lease

    • Insuring your practice

    • Why have a practice website

    • Why have a privacy policy for my office

    • Launch your career

    • Buying a practice

    • Medical billing

  • Introduction to OrthopaedicsOne
    • OrthopaedicsOne Articles – Open Textbook of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine

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    • Introduction to Semantic Web

    • Orthopaedic Content on SpringerLink
      • Foot and Ankle Books

      • Hand and Wrist Books

      • Hip and Knee Books

      • Informatics Books

      • Joint Reconstruction Books

      • Pediatrics Books

      • Shoulder and Elbow Books

      • Spine Books

      • Sports Medicine Books

      • Trauma Books

      • Tumor Books

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  • Available Topics on OrthopaedicsOne
    • Association Members Sign Up

  • Subspecialty Theme Collections
    • Adult Reconstruction – Hip Arthroscopy A Procedure for the 21st Century
      • Acetabular Labral Repair – Current Concepts

      • Hip Arthroscopy – History and Current Indications

      • Hip Arthroscopy – Its Role in the Treatment of FAI

      • Overview of Surgical Technique for Basic Hip Arthroscopy

    • Adult Reconstruction – Unicompartmental Knee Arthritis
      • Patellofemoral Arthroplasty for Isolated Patellofemoral Arthritis

      • The Role of High Tibial Osteotomy in Treating Knee Osteoarthritis

      • Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Management of Symptomatic Knee Arthritis

      • Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty – An Option for Treating Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis

      • Valgus-Unloader Bracing in Knee Osteoarthritis

    • Blood Management and Orthopaedic Surgery
      • Assessment of Anaemia in the Elective Orthopaedic Surgical Patient

      • Blood Management in the Orthopaedic Trauma Patient

      • Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents in Orthopaedic Surgical Patients

      • Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Use in Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Role of Autologous Blood Donation

      • Topical and Intra-articular Tranexamic Acid in TKA

    • Bone Graft Substitutes
      • Applications of Bone Graft Substitutes in Sports Medicine, Trauma and Spine Surgery

      • Bone Graft Substitutes – Basic Science

      • Bone Graft Substitutes in Oncology, Pediatrics and Hip Arthroplasty

    • Evidence-Based Medicine – Tendinopathy
      • Evidence-Based Medicine – Achilles Tendinopathy

      • Evidence-Based Medicine – Challenges for the Future

      • Evidence-Based Medicine in Orthopaedics – Are We There Yet

      • Evidence-Based Medicine – Patellar Tendinopathy

      • Evidence-Based Medicine – Rotator Cuff Disease

      • Grades of Recommendation for Summaries or Reviews of Orthopaedic Surgical Studies

      • Levels of Evidence for Primary Research Question

      • Tendons and Their Regulation

    • Foot and Ankle – Difficult Ankle Fractures
      • Acute Osteochondral Injuries – Strategies for Management

      • Ankle Fracture Complications – Salvaging a Failed ORIF

      • Fixing the Difficult Ankle Fracture – Tips and Tricks

      • Syndesmotic Injuries – Pearls and Pitfalls

      • Treatment of Ankle Fractures in Diabetic Patients

    • Monitoring New Implants
      • How Should New Implants be Monitored

      • Is “IDEAL” Enough? Proposal for a New Framework to Evaluate Orthopaedic Devices

      • Post-market Monitoring of New Implants – Are Registries the Answer

      • The Case of Metal-on-Metal Implant Recalls – What Have We Learned

      • The Cycle of Innovation – The IDEAL Framework

    • Shoulder and Elbow – Complex Elbow Fractures
      • Anteromedial Facet Fractures of the Coronoid

      • Capitellar Fractures

      • Failed ORIF and Non-Union of Distal Humerus Fractures

      • Treatment Options for Distal Humeral Fractures

    • Shoulder and Elbow – Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
      • Debridement and Arthroscopic Partial Repair of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears

      • Nonoperative Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears

      • Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Massive Rotator Cuff Tears

      • The Role of Tendon Transfers in Massive Rotator Cuff Tears

    • Spine – Idiopathic Scoliosis
      • Adult Scoliosis

      • Complex Procedures – Revision Surgeries and Spine Osteotomies for Idiopathic Scoliosis

      • Complications of Surgical Procedures for Idiopathic Scoliosis

      • Etiology and Anatomy of Idiopathic Scoliosis

      • Long-Term Outcomes Following Fusion for Scoliosis Deformity

      • The Value of Bracing in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

    • Trauma – War Injuries and Orthopaedics
      • Adjusting to Kandahar – The Civilian’s Top 10 List

      • Canadian Casualties – Then and Now

      • R3 MMU KAF – Surgical Care in Kandahar

      • Tactical Medicine

      • The Wounded Soldier – Rehabilitation and Recovery

  • Carl T. Brighton Workshops
    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Computer-assisted Orthopaedic Surgery
      • An Overview of Economic Issues in Computer-assisted Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • C.T. Brighton-ABJS Workshop on Computer-assisted Orthopaedic Surgery – Editorial Comment

      • Computer Evaluation of Kinematics of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

      • Coronal Plane Stability Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty

      • Development and Evaluation of an Instrumented Linkage System for Total Knee Surgery

      • Economic Considerations in Minimally Invasive Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Evaluation of a New Leg Length Measurement Algorithm in Hip Arthroplasty

      • Navigated Shorter Incision or Smaller Implant in Knee Arthritis?

      • Navigation Reduces the Learning Curve in Resurfacing Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Patient and Family-Centered Collaborative Care – An Orthopaedic Model

      • Robots in Orthopaedic Surgery – Past, Present, and Future

      • The Classic – On a Method of Investigating the Deep Ganglia and Tracts of the Central Nervous System (Cerebellum)

      • The Emotional State of the Patient After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty

      • The Rationale for Navigated Minimally Invasive Unicompartmental Knee Replacement

      • The Science of Minimally Invasive Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Using Navigation Intraoperative Measurements Narrows Range of Outcomes in TKA

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Health Informatics in Orthopaedic Surgery
      • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Health Informatics in Orthopaedic Surgery – Editorial Comment

      • Assessing Readability of Patient Education Materials – Current Role in Orthopaedics

      • Computational Ontologies in Orthopaedic Surgery

      • Electronic Data Capture for Registries and Clinical Trials in Orthopaedic Surgery – Open Source versus Commercial Systems

      • Erratum to ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Health Informatics in Orthopaedic Surgery – Editorial Comment

      • Ethical Choice in the Medical Applications of Information Theory

      • Improving Web Site Performance Using Commercially Available Analytical Tools

      • Kaiser Permanente National Total Joint Replacement Registry – Aligning Operations With Information Technology

      • Low-income Countries Orthopaedic Information Needs – Challenges and Opportunities

      • Orthopaedic Literature and MeSH

      • Private Practice Outcomes – Validated Outcomes Data Collection in Private Practice

      • Should We Be Teaching Information Management Instead of Evidence-based Medicine

      • The Internet and the Physician-Patient Relationship

      • The Potential Research Impact of Patient Reported Outcomes on Osteogenesis Imperfecta

      • The Role of SIGN in the Development of a Global Orthopaedic Trauma Database

      • Utilizing Information Technology to Mitigate the Handoff Risks Caused by Resident Work Hour Restrictions

      • Virtual Reality in Orthopaedics – Is It a Reality

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Health Policy Issues in Orthopaedic Surgery
      • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Health Policy Issues in Orthopaedic Surgery – Editorial Comment

      • Aligning Incentives in Orthopaedics – Opportunities and Challenges — The Case Medical Center Experience

      • Aligning Physician and Hospital Incentives – The Approach at Hospital for Special Surgery

      • Economic Incentives to Promote Innovation in Healthcare Delivery

      • Executive Summary – Aligning Stakeholder Incentives in Orthopaedics

      • Executive Summary – Value-based Purchasing and Technology Assessment in Orthopaedics

      • Future Young Patient Demand for Primary and Revision Joint Replacement – National Projections from 2010 to 2030

      • Getting to Equal – Strategies to Understand and Eliminate General and Orthopaedic Healthcare Disparities

      • Healthcare Quality Measurement in Orthopaedic Surgery – Current State of the Art

      • Professionalism in 21st Century Professional Practice – Autonomy and Accountability in Orthopaedic Surgery

      • Prometheus Payment Model – Application to Hip and Knee Replacement Surgery

      • Quality Measurement in Orthopaedics – The Purchasers View

      • Role of Technology Assessment in Orthopaedics

      • The Classic – A Plan for a More Effective Federal and State Health Administration

      • The Impact of Disruptive Innovations in Orthopaedics

      • The Impact of Physician-owned Specialty Orthopaedic Hospitals on Surgical Volume and Case Complexity in Competing Hospitals

      • What Rate of Utilization Is Appropriate in Musculoskeletal Care

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Hip Preservation Surgery
      • Coxa Profunda – Is the Deep Acetabulum Overcovered

      • Hip Capsule Dimensions in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement – A Pilot Study

      • Is Posterior Hip Instability Associated with Cam and Pincer Deformity

      • MRI of Hip Cartilage – Joint Morphology, Structure, and Composition

      • Parafoveal Chondral Defects Associated with Femoroacetabular Impingement

      • Patient Selection Criteria for Periacetabular Osteotomy or Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy

      • Pelvic Morphology Differs in Rotation and Obliquity Between Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and Retroversion

      • Preliminary Pain and Function After Labral Reconstruction During Femoroacetabular Impingement Surgery

      • Report of Breakout Session – Defining Parameters for Correcting the Acetabulum During a Pelvic Reorientation Osteotomy

      • Report of Breakout Session – Intraarticular Work During Periacetabular Osteotomy—Simultaneous Arthrotomy or Hip Arthroscopy

      • Report of Breakout Session – Strategies to Improve Hip Preservation Training

      • Save the Torn Labrum in Hips With Borderline Acetabular Coverage

      • Surgical Technique – Second-generation Bone Marrow Stimulation via Surgical Dislocation to Treat Hip Cartilage Lesions

      • The Acetabular Wall Index for Assessing Anteroposterior Femoral Head Coverage in Symptomatic Patients

      • The Biomechanical Case for Labral Débridement

      • What Are the Factors Associated with Acetabular Correction in Perthes-like Hip Deformities

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Musculoskeletal Infection
      • Bacterial Plurality as a General Mechanism Driving Persistence in Chronic Infection

      • Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance

      • Biofilm Theory Can Guide the Treatment of Device-Related Orthopaedic Infections

      • Comment on the Classics

      • Editorial Comment

      • Engineering Approaches for the Detection and Control of Orthopaedic Biofilm Infections

      • Evaluation of Nonculture Methods for the Detection of Prosthetic Hip Biofilms

      • Improving the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Infections with Molecular Diagnostics

      • Is Aseptic Loosening Truly Aseptic?

      • Local and Systemic Levels of Tobramycin Delivered from Calcium Sulfate Bone Graft Substitute Pellets

      • Local Antibiotic Delivery Systems – Where Are We and Where Are We Going?

      • Local Antibiotic Delivery Vehicles in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Infections

      • Molecular and Imaging Techniques for Bacterial Biofilms in Joint Arthroplasty Infections

      • New Approaches to the Characterization of Prosthetic Joint Biofilms

      • Polylactide-Polyglycolide Antibiotic Implants

      • Prevention of Staphylococcal Biofilm-Associated Infections by the Quorum Sensing Inhibitor RIP

      • Propionibacterium acnes Wound Contamination at the Time of Spinal Surgery

      • Prosthetic Joint Infections – Criteria for Future Definitions

      • The Classics – Streptomycin in Tuberculous Bone and Joint Lesions with Mixed Infections and Sinuses

      • The Classic – Streptomycin, a Substance Exhibiting Antibiotic Activity against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

      • The Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infection – Current Techniques and Emerging Technologies

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Orthopaedic Education
      • ABMS’ Maintenance of Certification – The Challenge of Continuing Competence

      • An Elective Research Year in Orthopaedic Residency – How Does One Measure Its Outcome and Define Its Success?

      • A Quantitative Composite Scoring Tool for Orthopaedic Residency Screening and Selection

      • C.T. Brighton-ABJS Workshop on Orthopaedic Education – Editorial Comment

      • Continuing Competence in Orthopaedics – The Future of Recertification

      • Effect of Duty Hours Standards on Burnout in Orthopaedic Surgery Residents

      • Factors in Optimizing the Learning Environment for Surgical Training

      • Funding the Mandate for the Orthopaedic Clinician Scientist

      • Institutional Barriers to the Clinician-Scientist

      • Interview, Dean’s Letter, and Affective Domain Issues

      • Mentoring During Residency Education – A Unique Challenge for the Surgeon?

      • Predicting the Technical Competence of Surgical Residents

      • Professionalism and Virtues

      • Recertification – History of ABOS Efforts

      • Resident Selection – A Key to the Future of Orthopaedics

      • Resident Selection and Predictors of Performance – Can We Be Evidence Based?

      • Self-assessment, Self-direction, and the Self-regulating Professional

      • Subspecialty Certification in Hand Surgery

      • Teaching Technical Skills to Surgical Residents – A Survey of Empirical Research

      • The 80-Hour Duty Week – Rationale, Early Attitudes, and Future Questions

      • The Classic – Editorial – Development of Certification in Hand Surgery

      • The Classic – Fifty Years of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery

      • The Effect of Work Hour Restrictions on the Education of Orthopaedic Surgery Residents

      • The Environment of the Successful Clinician-Scientist

      • The Evolving Structure of Orthopaedic Residency Education

      • The Need for Research Training in Orthopaedic Residency Education

      • The Required Research Rotation in Residency – The University of Pennsylvania Experience, 1978-1993

      • What We Don’t Know We Are Teaching – Unveiling the Hidden Curriculum

      • When Policy Meets Physiology – The Challenge of Reducing Resident Work Hours

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Osteoarthritis
      • Biology of Developmental and Regenerative Skeletogenesis

      • Chemokines in Cartilage Degradation

      • Chondrocyte Senescence, Joint Loading and Osteoarthritis

      • Collagens and Cartilage Matrix Homeostasis

      • Extracellular Matrix Gene Regulation

      • Familial Inheritance of Osteoarthritis – Documented Family Subsets

      • Functional Genomics of Osteoarthritis – On the Way to Evaluate Disease Hypotheses

      • Functional Tissue Engineering Parameters toward Designing Repair and Replacement Strategies

      • Growth Factor Inhibition – Potential Role in the Etiopathogenesis of Osteoarthritis

      • Hyaluronan and CD44 – Modulators of Chondrocyte Metabolism

      • Novel Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinase Gene Expression as Potential Therapies for Arthritis

      • Osteoarthritis – Current Treatment and Future Prospects for Surgical, Medical, and Biologic Interventions

      • Osteochondral Defect Repair by Demineralized Cortical Bone Matrix

      • Pathomechanic Determinants of Posttraumatic Arthritis

      • Pressure and Shear Differentially Alter Human Articular Chondrocyte Metabolism – A Review

      • Protein Kinase in Chondrocyte Signaling and Osteoarthritis

      • Risk Factors for Osteoarthritis – Understanding Joint Vulnerability

      • The Classic – Commentaries on the History and Cure of Diseases. Digitorum Nodi

      • The Impact of Osteoarthritis – Implications for Research

      • The Mechanobiology of Articular Cartilage Development and Degeneration

      • The Regulation Chondrocyte Function by Proinflammatory Mediators – Prostaglandins and Nitric Oxide

      • The Role of Cytokines in Cartilage Matrix Degeneration in Osteoarthritis

      • Toward Imaging Biomarkers for Osteoarthritis

      • Up-regulation of Chondrocyte Matrix Genes and Products by Electric Fields

    • ABJS Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Trauma in the Developing World
      • ABJS-C.T. Brighton Workshop on Musculoskeletal Trauma in Developing Countries – Editorial Comment

      • Breakout Sessions

      • Global Access to Literature on Trauma

      • Global Relevance of Literature on Trauma

      • Injuries in Developing Countries – How Can We Help – The Role of Orthopaedic Surgeons

      • Managing the Injury Burden in Nepal

      • Musculoskeletal Training for Orthopaedists and Nonorthopaedists – Experiences in India

      • Musculoskeletal Training for Orthopaedists and Nonorthopaedists – Experiences in Nepal

      • Musculoskeletal Training for Orthopaedists and Nonorthopaedists in China

      • Musculoskeletal Trauma Service in Thailand

      • Musculoskeletal Trauma Services in China

      • Musculoskeletal Trauma Services in Mozambique and Sri Lanka

      • Musculoskeletal Trauma Services in Serbia

      • Musculoskeletal Trauma Services in Uganda

      • Nongovernmental Organizations in Musculoskeletal Care – Orthopaedics Overseas

      • Orthochina.org – Case-based Orthopaedic Wiki Project in China

      • Orthopaedic Clinical Officer Program in Malawi – A Model for Providing Orthopaedic Care

      • Providing Outreach Continuing Education in Countries with Limited Resources

      • Soft Tissue Coverage at the Resource-challenged Facility

      • The Global Burden of Musculoskeletal Injuries – Challenges and Solutions

      • The Practice of Traditional Bonesetting – Training Algorithm

      • Topics in Global Public Health

      • Trauma Training for Nonorthopaedic Doctors in Low- and Middle-income Countries

      • Update on Road Traffic Crashes – Progress in the Middle East

    • ABJS Workshop on Articular Cartilage Repair
      • Age-Associated Changes in Cartilage Matrix – Implications for Tissue Repair

      • Arthroscopic Abrasion Arthroplasty – A Review

      • Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Focal Chondral Defects of the Knee

      • Autologous Chonrocytes Used for Articular Cartilage Repair – An Update

      • Biodegradable Polymer Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

      • Cartilage Damage by Matrix Degradation Productions – Fibronectin Fragments

      • Cartilage Imaging Techniques – Current Clinical Applications and State of the Art Imaging

      • Cartilage Regeneration Using Principles of Tissue Engineering

      • Chondral Defects in Animal Models – Effects of Selected Repair Procedures in Canines

      • Chonodrogenesis in Cartilage Repair Is Induced by Members of the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Superfamily

      • Clinical Objectives for Cartilage Repair

      • Composition and Structure of Articular Cartilage – A Template for Tissue Repair

      • Cytokines in Cartilage Injury and Repair

      • Differences in Mesenchymal Tissue Repair

      • Differences in Repair Responses Between Immature and Mature Cartilage

      • Functional Tissue Engineering – The Role of Biomechanics in Articular Cartilage Repair

      • Growth Factors and Cartilage Repair

      • Growth Responses of Cartilage to Static and Dynamic Compression

      • Human Meniscus Cell – Characterization of the Primary Culture and Use for Tissue Engineering

      • Impact of Mechanical Trauma on Matrix and Cells

      • Improved Cartilage Repair After Treatment with Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound

      • Integrin – Interleukin-4 Mechanotransduction Pathways in Human Chondrocytes

      • In Vitro Generation of Scaffold Independent Neocartilage

      • In Vitro Models for Investigation of the Effects of Acute Mechanical Injury on Cartilage

      • In Vivo Changes After Mechanical Injury

      • Long-Term Followup of Fresh Femoral Osteochondral Allografts for Posttraumatic Knee Defects

      • Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage

      • Matrices for Cartilage Repair

      • Microfracture – Surgical Technique and Rehabilitation to Treat Chondral Defects

      • Mosaicplasty for Treatment of Articular Defects of the Knee and Ankle

      • Preclinical Cartilage Repair – Current Status and Future Perspectives

      • Structural Barrier Principle for Growth Factor-Based Articular Cartilage Repair

      • Symptomatic Articular Cartilage Degeneration – The Impact in the New Millennium

      • The Classic – Age Changes in Articular Cartilage

      • The Role of Extracellular Matrix in Articular Chondrocyte Regulation

      • The Role of Periosteum in Cartilage Repair

    • ABJS Workshop on Fracture Repair Augmentation
      • Angiogenesis in Fracture Repair

      • Bone Regeneration and Fracture Healing. Experience with Distraction Osteogenesis Model

      • Bone Repair and Enhancement Clinical Trial Design. Spine Applications

      • Breakout Session 1 – Definitions of Fracture Repair

      • Breakout Session 2 – Fracture Repair Process

      • Breakout Session 3 – Mechanical Enhancement of Callus Healing

      • Breakout Session 4 – Biophysical Enhancement

      • Breakout Session 5 – Biologic Enhancement of Fracture Repair

      • Breakout Session 6 – Regional Gene Therapy

      • Clinical Effects of Electromagnetic and Electric Fields on Fracture Healing

      • Clinical Use of Marrow Osteoprogenitor Cells to Stimulate Osteogenesis

      • Concepts of Fracture Union, Delayed Union, and Nonunion

      • Current Understanding of Osteoconduction in Bone Regeneration

      • Effects of Electromagnetic Fields in Experimental Fracture Repair

      • Effects of Mechanical Factors on the Fracture Healing Process

      • Enhancement of Fracture Healing by Low Intensity Ultrasound

      • Enhancement of Fracture Healing by Mechanical and Surgical Intervention

      • Enhancement of Fracture Healing with Autogenous and Allogeneic Bone Grafts

      • Experimental Models of Fracture Repair

      • Expression of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Fracture Healing

      • Initiation of Fracture Repair by Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

      • Mechanical Influences on Tibial Fracture Healing

      • Mechanobiology of Skeletal Regeneration

      • Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteobiology and Applied Bone Regeneration

      • Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. Potential Treatment with Growth and Differentiation Factors

      • Pathophysiology of Delayed Healing

      • Potential Role for Direct Gene Transfer in the Enhancement of Fracture Healing

      • Potential Role for Gene Therapy in the Enhancement of Fracture Healing

      • Potential Role of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Fracture Healing

      • Potential Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor in Enhancement of Fracture Healing

      • Potential Role of Insulinlike Growth Factors in Fracture Healing

      • Proper Design of Clinical Trials for the Assessment of Bone Graft Substitutes

      • Significant Advances Have Been Made in the Way Surgeons Treat Fractures

      • Strain Rate and Timing of Stimulation in Mechanical Modulation of Fracture Healing

      • The Cell and Molecular Biology of Fracture Healing

      • The Classic – A Case of Fracture of the Os Humeri, in which the Broken Ends of the Bone not Uniting in the Usual Manner, a Cure was Effected by Means of a Seton

      • The Effect of Reamed and Nonreamed Intramedullary Nailing on Fracture Healing

      • The Potential Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Fracture Healing

      • The Role of Osteochondral Progenitor Cells in Fracture Repair

      • Transforming Growth Factor Beta in Fracture Repair

    • ABJS Workshop on Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Replacement
      • Biologic Effects of Cobalt Chrome in Cell And Animal Models

      • Cancer Risk after Metal on Metal and Polyethylene on Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty

      • Cobalt and Chromium Concentrations in Patients with Metal on Metal Total Hip Replacements

      • Cobalt Chromium Molybdenum Metal Combination for Modular Hip Prostheses

      • Comparison of Alloys and Designs in a Hip Simulator Study of Metal on Metal Implants

      • Contemporary Total Hip Replacement with Metal on Metal Articulation

      • Development of Hematopoietic Cancers after Implantation of Total Joint Replacement

      • Distribution of Cobalt Chromium Wear and Corrosion Products and Biologic Reactions

      • Experience with the Metasul Total Hip Bearing System

      • Factors Correlating with Long Term Survival of McKee-Farrar Total Hip Prostheses

      • In Vivo Wear of Three Types of Metal on Metal Hip Prostheses During Two Decades of Use

      • Metal Carcinogenesis in Total Joint Arthroplasty – Animal Models

      • Metal on Metal Bearings – A Practical Alternative to Metal on Polyethylene Total Joints?

      • Metal on Metal Bearings in Hip Arthroplasty

      • Metal on Metal Surface Replacement of the Hip – Experience of the McMinn Prosthesis

      • Metal on Metal Surface Replacement of the Hip – Technique, Fixation, and Early Results

      • Metal on Metal Total Hip Replacement Workshop Consensus Document

      • Metal Versus Polyethylene Wear Particles in Total Hip Replacements – A Review

      • Preliminary Observations on Possible Premalignant Changes in Bone Marrow Adjacent to Worn Total Hip Arthroplasty Implants

      • Preliminary Results of Uncemented Metal on Metal Stemmed and Resurfacing Hip Replacement Arthroplasty

      • Surface Geometry of Retrieved McKee-Farrar Total Hip Replacements

      • Systems View of Optimizing Metal on Metal Bearings

      • The Classic – The Tribology (Friction, Lubrication and Wear) of All-Metal Artificial Hip Joints

      • Tissue Reaction to Metal on Metal Total Hip Prostheses

      • Twenty-Year Results of McKee-Farrar Versus Charnley Prosthesis

      • Wear Behavior and Histopathology of Classic Cemented Metal on Metal Hip Endoprostheses

    • ABJS Workshop on Metastatic Bone Disease
      • Acetabular Metastases – Planning for Reconstruction and Review of Results

      • Advances and Challenges in the Surgical Treatment of Metastatic Bone Disease

      • Biochemical Markers and Skeletal Metastases

      • Bone Cancer Pain

      • Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone – It Is Not All About PTHrP

      • Cardiopulmonary Complications of Intramedullary Fixation of Long Bone Metastases

      • Critical Evaluation of Mirels’ Rating System for Impending Pathologic Fracture

      • Diagnosis of Occult Bone Metastases – Positron Emission Tomography

      • Endoprosthetic Reconstructions for Bone Metastases

      • Evaluation and Treatment of Metastases to the Humerus

      • Evaluation of the Patient with Carcinoma of Unknown Origin Metastatic to Bone

      • General Principles of External Beam Radiation Therapy for Skeletal Metastases

      • Mechanisms of Osteoblastic Metastases – Role of Endothelin-1

      • Metastatic Bone Disease – Future Directions

      • Metastatic Breast Cancer – Overview of Treatment

      • Metastatic Disease of the Femur – Surgical Treatment

      • Metastatic Disease of the Spine – Evaluation and Treatment

      • Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Metastasis and Therapeutic Implications

      • NFkappaB – A Pivotal Transcription Factor in Prostate Cancer Metastasis to Bone

      • Operative Treatment of Long Bone Metastases – Focus on the Femur

      • PMMA to Stabilize Bone and Deliver Antineoplastic and Antiresorptive Agents

      • Presentation and Staging of Metastatic Bone Disease

      • Prospective Quality of Life Research in Bony Metastatic Disease

      • Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases – Medical Treatment

      • Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis – Epidermal Growth Factor

      • Risk of Pathologic Fracture – Assessment

      • The Classic – Metastatic Disease in Long Bones – A Proposed Scoring System for Diagnosing Impending Pathologic Fractures

      • The Mevalonate Synthesis Pathway as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer

      • The Molecular Basis of Skeletal Metastases

      • Transforming Growth Factor-Beta in Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastases

      • Treatment of Axial Skeleton Bone Metastases

      • Treatment of Metastatic Disease of the Tibia

      • Urokinase Plasminogen Activator System – A Multifunction Role in Tumour Progression and Metastasis

      • Validation of cDNA Microarray Analysis to Distinguish Tumor Type Ex Vivo

      • Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty for Osteolytic Vertebral Collapse

    • ABJS Workshop on Orthopaedic Gene Therapy
      • Cartilage and Bone Regeneration Using Gene-Enhanced Tissue Engineering

      • Chondrogenitor Cells and Gene Therapy

      • Clinical Trials in the Gene Therapy of Arthritis

      • Complexity of Determining Cause and Effect In Vivo after Antisense Gene Therapy

      • Evaluation of Gene Therapy as a Treatment for Equine Traumatic Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

      • Genes and Gene Expression

      • Gene Therapy Approaches for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis

      • Gene Therapy – Clinical Considerations

      • Gene Therapy for Chondrocytes

      • Gene Therapy for Genetic Diseases of Bone

      • Gene Therapy for Osteoarthritis – New Perspectives for the Twenty-First Century

      • Gene Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis

      • Gene Therapy for Spine Fusion

      • Hematopoietic Stem Cells

      • Human Genetic Insights into Skeletal Development, Growth, and Homeostasis

      • Insulinlike Growth Factor-I Gene Therapy Applications for Cartilage Repair

      • In Vivo Gene Transfer into Tendon by Recombinant Adenovirus

      • In Vivo Nonviral Delivery Factors to Enhance Bone Repair

      • Marrow Transplantation and Targeted Gene Therapy to the Skeleton

      • Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Gene Therapy

      • Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Vehicles for Gene Delivery

      • Nonviral In Vivo Gene Therapy for Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage and Tendon Repair

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Chondroprogenitors

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Fracture Healing and Other Nongenetic Problems of Bone

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Ligament and Tendon

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Osteoarthritis

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Spine

      • Orthopaedic Gene Therapy – Stem Cells for Gene Delivery

      • Orthopedic Gene Therapy – Disease Targets

      • Osteoinductive Applications of Regional Gene Therapy – Ex Vivo Gene Transfer

      • Pluripotential Mesenchymal Cells Repopulate Bone Marrow and Retain Osteogenic Properties

      • Potential Applications of Gene Therapy to the Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disorders

      • Potential of Gene Therapy for Treating Osteogenesis Imperfecta

      • Potential Role of Direct Adenoviral Gene Transfer in Enhancing Fracture Repair

      • Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types – Induction of Transformation by a Desoxyribonucleic Acid Fraction Isolated from Pneumococcus Type III

      • The Adeno-Associated Virus Vector for Orthopaedic Gene Therapy

      • The Ethics of the Introduction of Gene Therapy into Orthopaedic Practice

      • Type II Interleukin-1 Beta Receptor – A Candidate for Gene Therapy in Human Arthritis

      • Using Gene Therapy to Protect and Restore Cartilage

      • Vector Systems for Gene Transfer to Joints

    • ABJS Workshop on Orthopaedic Tissue Engineering
      • A Clinical Study of Collagen Meniscus Implants to Restore the Injured Meniscus

      • Alpha-BSM – A Biomimetic Bone Substitute and Drug Delivery Vehicle

      • Animal Models of Tendon and Ligament Injuries for Tissue Engineering

      • An Overview of Tissue Engineered Bone

      • Articular Cartilage Regeneration Using Periosteum

      • Autologous Chondrocyte Transplantation

      • Autologous Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells in Articular Cartilage Repair

      • Bioactive Factors for Bone Tissue Engineering

      • Biologic Repair of Articular Cartilage – Defect Model in Experimental Animals and Matric Requirements

      • Biomechanical Factors in Tissue Engineered Meniscal Repair

      • Biosynthetic Bone Grafting

      • Building a Meniscus. Biologic Considerations

      • Carrier Systems for Bone Morphogenetic Proteins

      • Cartilage Tissue Engineering – Current Limitations and Solutions

      • Clinically Applied Models of Bone Regeneration in Tissue Engineering Research

      • Current and Future Directions for Meniscus Repair and Replacement

      • Evaluating Methods of Restoring Cartilaginous Articular Surfaces

      • Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-3 as a Marker for Precartilaginous Stem Cells

      • Frontiers in Tissue Engineering. In Vitro Modulation of Chondrogenesis

      • Future Opportunities for Bioengineering Research at the National Institutes of Health

      • Gap Junctions Regulate Responses of Tendon Cells Ex Vivo to Mechanical Loading

      • Genetically Augmented Tissue Engineering of the Musculoskeletal System

      • Naturally Occurring Extracellular Matrix as a Scaffold for Musculoskeletal Repair

      • Perspectives on Cell and Collagen Composites for Tendon Repair

      • Perspectives on Tissue Engineering of Bone

      • Principles of Tissue Engineered Regeneration of Skeletal Tissues

      • Proteins in the Tensile Region of Adult Bovine Deep Flexor Tendon

      • Repair of Osteochondral Defects with Allogeneic Tissue Engineered Cartilage Implants

      • Some Bioengineering Considerations for Tissue Engineering of Articular Cartilage

      • Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers for Orthopaedic Applications

      • The Classic – Studies in the Transplantation of Bone

      • Tissue Engineering of Bone. Cell Based Strategies

      • Tissue Engineering of Ligament and Tendon Healing

      • Tissue Engineering Principles in Orthopaedic Surgery

    • ABJS Workshop on Skeletal Muscle Plasticity
      • Autocrine and-or Paracrine Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Activity in Skeletal Muscle

      • Breakout Session 1 – Muscle Mechanics

      • Breakout Session 2 – Muscle Injury

      • Breakout Session 3 – Issues Related to Muscle Growth, Atropy, and Tissue Engineering

      • Clinical Perspectives Regarding Eccentric Muscle Injury

      • Costameres – Repeating Structures at the Sacrolemma of Skeletal Muscle

      • Cytoskeletal Disruption After Eccentric Contraction-Induced Muscle Injury

      • Distraction of Skeletal Muscle – Evolution of a Rat Model

      • Editorial Comment – Skeletal Muscle Plasticity

      • Effects of Distraction on Muscle Length – Mechanisms Involved in Sarcomerogenesis

      • Effects of Exercise on Senescent Muscle

      • Gene Expression in Response to Muscle Stretch

      • Interactions Between Muscles and the Immune System During Modified Musculoskeletal Loading

      • Lengthening of Muscle During Distraction Osteogenesis

      • Multiple Roles of Calcineurin in Skeletal Muscle Growth

      • Muscle-Based Gene Therapy and Tissue Engineering to Improve Bone Healing

      • Muscle Contusion Injury and Myositis Ossificans Traumatica

      • Muscle Force and Its Role in Joint Dynamic Stability

      • Muscles May Contribute to Shoulder Dislocation and Stability

      • Myofibrillogenesis in Skeletal Muscle Cells

      • p27Kip1 – A Key Regulator of Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Proliferation

      • Shoulder Biomechanics and Muscle Plasticity – Implications in Spinal Cord Injury

      • Studies of Myosin Isoforms in Muscle Cells – Single Cell Mechanics and Gene Transfer

      • Tendon Transfer Surgery – Clinical Implications of Experimental Studies

      • The Classic – The Mechanism of Muscle Contraction

      • The Contributions of Muscles and Reflexes to Regulation of Joint and Limb Mechanics

      • The Design of Vertebrate Muscular Systems – Comparative and Integrative Approaches

      • Tissue Engineering Skeletal Muscle for Orthopaedic Applications

      • Translational Control – Implications for Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy

    • Carl T. Brighton Workshop on Hip Preservation Surgery

    • Musculoskeletal Healthcare Disparities Research Symposium
      • Breakout Session – Diversity, Cultural Competence, and Patient Trust

      • Breakout Session – Ethnic and Gender Differences in Diabetic Foot Management and Amputations

      • Breakout Session – Ethnic and Racial Disparities in Joint Arthroplasty

      • Breakout Session – Gender and Ethnic Disparities in Pain Management

      • Breakout Session – Gender Disparities in Knee Osteoarthritis and TKA

      • Breakout Session – Sex-Gender and Racial-Ethnic Disparities in the Care of Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

      • Culturally Competent Care Pedagogy – What Works

      • Defining Ethnic and Racial Differences in Osteoporosis and Fragility Fractures

      • Defining Gender Disparities in Pain Management

      • Defining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Pain Management

      • Defining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in THA and TKA

      • Disparities in Amputations in Minorities

      • Does a Multidisciplinary Team Decrease Complications in Male Patients with Hip Fractures

      • Do We Need Gender-specific Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Editorial Comment – A Call to Arms – Eliminating Musculoskeletal Healthcare Disparities

      • Ethnic and Racial Factors Influencing Well-being, Perceived Pain, and Physical Function After Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Examining Sex and Gender Disparities in Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Gender and Race-Ethnicity Differences in Hip Fracture Incidence, Morbidity, Mortality, and Function

      • Gender Differences in Diabetes-related Lower Extremity Amputations

      • Gender Differences in Osteoporosis and Fractures

      • Implant Survival, Knee Function, and Pain Relief After TKA – Are There Differences Between Men and Women

      • Keynote Address – The Need for Greater Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery

      • Minimizing Disparities in Osteoporosis Care of Minorities with an Electronic Medical Record Care Plan

      • Mortality in Female War Veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom

      • Optimizing Screening for Osteoporosis in Patients with Fragility Hip Fracture

      • Patient Gender Affects the Referral and Recommendation for Total Joint Arthroplasty

      • Sex and Gender Considerations in Male Patients with Osteoporosis

  • CORR – Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
    • Comments on CORR article. Surgical Technique. Revision ACL Reconstruction With a Rectangular Tunnel Technique

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 1 – January 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 2 – February 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 3 – March 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 4 – April 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 5 – May 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 6 – June 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 7 – July 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 8 – August 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 9 – September 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 10 – October 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 11 – November 2008

    • CORR Volume 466, Issue 12 – December 2008

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 1 – January 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 2 – February 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 3 – March 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 4 – April 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 5 – May 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 6 – June 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 7 – July 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 8 – August 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 9 – September 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 10 – October 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 11 – November 2009

    • CORR Volume 467, Issue 12 – December 2009

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 1 – January 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 2 – February 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 3 – March 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 4 – April 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 5 – May 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 6 – June 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 7 – July 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 8 – August 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 9 – September 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 10 – October 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 11 – November 2010

    • CORR Volume 468, Issue 12 – December 2010

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 1 – January 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 2 – February 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 3 – March 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 4 – April 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 5 – May 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 6 – June 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 7 – July 2011

    • CORR Volume 469, Issue 8 – August 2011

  • LACKMAN and NiTRoMel book
    • rdl Osteoid osteoma

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• _InclusionsLibrary

• The Why of TKA – An Annotated Op Note
  • TKA Note 1

  • TKA Note 2

  • TKA Photo 1

  • TKA Photo 2

  • TKA Photo 3

  • TKA Photo 4

  • TKA Photo 5

  • TKA Photo 6

  • TKA Photo 7

  • TKA Photo 8

  • TKA Photo 9

  • TKA Photo 10

  • TKA Photo 11

  • TKA Photo 12

  • TKA Photo 13

  • TKA Photo 14

  • TKA Photo 15

  • TKA Photo 16

  • TKA Photo 17

  • TKA Photo 18

  • TKA Photo 19

  • TKA Photo 20

  • TKA Photo 21

  • TKA Photo 22

  • TKA Photo 23

  • TKA Photo 24

  • TKA Video 1