Gluteus medius

Gluteal surface of ilium, under gluteus maximus

Greater trochanter of the femur

The Glutæi medius and minimus abduct the thigh when the limb is extended but are principally called into action in supporting the body on one limb, in conjunction with the Tensor fasciæ latæ.

Their anterior fibers, by drawing the greater trochanter forward, rotate the thigh inward, in which action they are also assisted by the Tensor fasciæ latæ. When the hip is flexed to ninety degrees however the glutæi medius aids in rotating the thigh outwards.

Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1 nerve roots)

Superior gluteal artery

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Relations:

A bursa separates the tendon of the muscle from the surface of the trochanter over which it glides.

Variations:

The posterior border may be more or less closely united to the piriformis, or some of the fibers end on its tendon.

The posterior fibres of gluteus medius contract to produce hip extension, lateral rotation and abduction. During gait, the posterior fibres help to decelerate internal rotation of the femur at the end of swing phase.